Nanotechnology in Energy Sector Set to Witness Massive Growth

With the use of nanotechnology in the energy sector for improvement of manufacturing processes, conversion, storage and energy saving, we anticipate that the market for nanotechnology in Energy Applications will climb to US$ 700 Million by 2013, at a CAGR of around 50% from 2010. According to our research report “Nanotechnology Market Forecast to 2013″, theprospective growth in nanotechnology market will largely be driven by massive investment in nanotechnology R&D by both governments and corporate worldwide. Also, nanotechnology-based products will have an impact on nearly all industrial sectors.

 

On the regional front, we have found that Asia-Pacific region will experience the fastest growth. Various countries like US, Germany, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, France, UK, China, Brazil, Russia and Australia have been studied in the report. We have chosen these countries for our study on the basis of their growth potential. To analyze the nanotechnology industry performance, we have segmented it by R&D funding and application areas. Electronics, cosmetics, defense and other emerging application areas have been covered in the report.

 

Further, we have done an in-depth and quality analysis of nanotechnology industry by identifying current market trends and future growth areas. Additionally, we have found that technology innovation and government support will drive this market during the forecast period. We have also identified that Nanocoating, Nanomedicine, Nanofibres and other markets will be the key growth areas in future. To give clients an unbiased view of the nanotechnology market, we have also analyzed the factors that can inhibit the market’s growth. The report provides a prudent analysis of the nanotechnology industry.

 

“Nanotechnology Market Forecast to 2013″ is a comprehensive research report that comprises of valuable analysis on the nanotechnology market across the globe. The research will provide a prudent analysis of the nanotechnology industry by studying the recent developments and their impact on the market. The report will help clients to analyze the leading-edge opportunities, prospective customer base, expected future outlook and all the other factors which are critical to the success of the global nanotechnology market.

 

For FREE SAMPLE of this report visit: http://www.rncos.com/Report/IM185.htm

 

Check DISCOUNTED REPORTS on: http://www.rncos.com/

Worldwide Nanotechnology Electric Vehicle (Ev) Market Shares Strategies, And Forecasts, 2009 To 2015

 Electric vehicles are real. They come in a variety of styles and capabilities. The BMW features driving control and style. The Chinese BYD hybrid backed by Warren Buffet’s company has features that enable plug-in hybrid power train flexibility. It has a full battery-powered electric mode. The series-hybrid mode has an engine which drives a generator to recharge the batteries, acting as a rangeextender. There is a parallel hybrid mode, in which the engine and motor both provide propulsive power.

Electric vehicles represent a quantum shift in transportation. The design trajectories are varied; the opportunities are significant as a quantum shift occurs in what the vehicle basic functions are and how the vehicle works. The car companies that leverage the market opportunity to shift to a new paradyne are likely to succeed. There are others who merely try to migrate existing styles and designs to electric vehicles. Buggy whips come to mind.

The ability to plug a car into a hardened backyard set of batteries charged from a solar panel provides relief from gasoline spending. To have a second car, powered by a battery pack promises to provide growth of a new industry. The banks can loan against the car and the solar panel. Solar panels are evolving modular capability where they can be quickly installed and provide electricity for the car.

Investment in electric vehicle infrastructure is a priority. With countries seeking to invest in infrastructure that will provide economic growth, it is clear that special infrastructure for electric vehicles will stimulate growth from the private sector. Electric vehicle market segment is positioned for growth for vehicles used for local driving.

Worldwide nanotechnology thin film lithium-ion batteries are poised to achieve significant growth as units become more able to achieve deliver of power to electric vehicles efficiently. Less expensive lithium-ion batteries allow leveraging economies of scale and proliferation of devices into a wide range of applications. According to Susan Eustis, lead author of the study, “Economies of scale leverage the lithium-ion battery nanotechnology advances needed to make lithium-ion batteries competitive. Nanotechnology provided by lithium-ion research solves the issues poised by the need to store renewable energy. Lithium-ion batteries switch price reductions are poised to drive market adoption by making units affordable.”

Nanotechnology results obtained in the laboratory are being translated into commercial products. The processes of translating the nanotechnology science into thin film lithium ion batteries are anticipated to be ongoing. The breakthroughs of science in the laboratory have only begun to be translated into life outside the lab, with a long way to go in improving the functioning of the lithium-ion batteries.

Unlike any other battery technology, thin film solid-state batteries show very high cycle life. Using very thin cathodes (0.05µm) batteries have been cycled in excess of 45,000 cycles with very limited loss in capacity. After 45,000 cycles, 95% of the original capacity remained.

Markets for electric vehicles at 685 units in 2008 are anticipated to reach 32.7 million autos shipped by 2015, growing in response to demand for a renewable energy powered vehicle that lowers the total cost of ownership by a significant amount. Lithium-ion batteries used in cell phones and PCs, and in cordless power tools are proving the technology to power electric vehicles. Early electric vehicles are being used as city cars, proving the feasibility of electric cars. Think in Norway has a viable manufacturing operation and 1,000 cars on the road. The large emerging markets are for hybrid and electric vehicles powered by renewable energy systems.

Table of Contents :
Figure ES-1
Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e

Figure ES-2

REVA Electric Car

Table ES-3

Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces

Table ES-3 (Continued)

Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces

Figure ES-4

Worldwide Electric Vehicles

On The Road Market Shares, Units, 2009

Figure ES-5

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Penetration of

Automotive and Light Truck Market Forecasts, Percent,

2009-2015

Figure ES-6

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Retail Forecasts, Dollars,

2009-2015

Table ES-7

Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets

Table ES-7 (Continued)

Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets

Table ES-8

New Infrastructure, New Driving Modalities Brought By

Electric Vehicles

1. ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET DESCRIPTION AND MARKET DYNAMICS
1.1 Auto Industry

1.1.1 Electric Vehicle Economic Forces

1.1.2 Cars Represent 20% Of The US Economic Retail Spending

1.1.3 Electric Vehicle Design Trajectories

1.2 Electric Vehicle EVs

1.2.1 EVs Cost Effective In City Conditions

1.2.2 Lithium-Ion Car Batteries

1.2.3 Private-Public Partnerships

1.3 Lithium-Ion Battery Target Markets

1.3.1 Project Better Place and the Renault-Nissan Alliance

1.3.2 Largest Target Market, The Transportation Industry

1.3.3 Electric Grid Services Market

1.3.4 Portable Power Market, Power Tools

1.4 Lithium-Ion Battery Technologies Transportation Industry Target Market

1.5 Energy Storage For Grid Stabilization

1.5.1 Local Energy Storage Benefit For Utilities

1.6 Applications Require On-Printed Circuit Board Battery Power

1.6.1 Thin-film vs. Printed Batteries

1.7 Smart Buildings

1.7.1 Permanent Power for Wireless Sensors

1.8 Battery Safety / Potential Hazards

1.9 Thin Film Solid-State Battery Construction

1.10 Battery Is Electrochemical Device

1.11 Battery Depends On Chemical Energy

1.11.1 Characteristics Of Battery Cells

1.11.2 Batteries Are Designed Differently For Various Applications

2. ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET SHARES AND MARKET FORECASTS
2.1 Electric Vehicle Economic Market Driving Forces

2.1.1 Nanotechnology Forms the Base for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2.1.2 Lithium-Ion Batteries

2.2 Electric Vehicle Market Shares

2.2.1 Daimler Safety Cell

2.2.2 Daimler Smart Car

2.2.3 BYD

2.2.4 Think Environmentally Friendly Vehicles

2.2.5 TH!NK City Safety Concept

2.2.6 Think Overnight Power Top-Up

2.2.7 GM Volt

2.2.8 GM Opel

2.2.9 Tesla Motors

2.2.10 i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi

2.2.11 Mitsubishi

2.2.12 Subaru Selling EVs In Japan In 2009

2.2.13 BMW

2.2.14 REVA Electric Car

2.2.15 Ford Advances Electric Vehicle Technology

2.2.16 Ford Partnership With Utility Industry

2.2.17 Toyota Hybrid Prius

2.2.18 Nissan

2.2.19 Phoenix Motorcars

2.2.20 Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru

2.2.21 Chrysler

2.3 Electric Vehicles Market Forecasts

2.4 Electric Vehicle Battery Recharging

2.4.1 Changing Electric Vehicles On The Fly

2.5 2008 / 2009 Auto Sales Overview

2.5.1 Korean Cars Succeed In US

2.5.2 Total Vehicles Sold / GM Profile

2.5.3 GM Global Vehicle Sales and Market Share – 2007

2.5.4 Worldwide Automotive Sales For 2007

2.5.5 Deepening Slowdown

2.6 Electric Vehicles As A Very Fancy Golf Cart

2.7 Worldwide Nanotechnology Thin Film Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces

2.7.1 Market Driving Forces

2.7.2 Nanotechnology Forms the Base for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2.7.3 Competitors

2.8 Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares

2.8.1 ExxonMobil Affiliate in Japan / Tonen Chemical

2.8.2 A123Systems Patent for Nanophosphate™ Lithium Ion Battery Technology

2.9 Lithium-Ion Battery Market Forecasts

2.10 Electric Vehicle and Hybrid Vehicle Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares

2.10.1 BYD

2.10.2 Johnson Controls-Saft

2.10.3 Saft Battery Technologies

2.10.4 A123Systems 32 Series Automotive Class Lithium Ion™ Cells:

2.10.5 NEC and Nissen

2.10.6 LG Chem

2.10.7 EnerDel

2.10.8 Competition

2.11 Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Lithium-Ion Battery Market Forecasts

2.11.1 Largest Target Market, The Transportation Industry Thin Film Advanced Lithium-Ion Battery EV Market Thin Film Lithium-Ion And Lithium Polymer Automotive Batteries

3. ELECTRIC VEHICLE PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
3.1 BMW

3.1.1 BMW Second Version Of The Electric Mini

3.2 BYD / MidAmerican Energy Holdings

3.2.1 Warren Buffet – MidAmerican, A Collection Of Electric Utilities In The Midwest

3.2.2 BYD Plug-in Hybrid Power Train Flexibility

3.2.3 BYD E6 Electric Car and F6

3.2.4 BYD E6 Electric Vehicle Specifications

3.3 Tesla Motors

3.3.1 Electric Roadster by Tesla Motors

3.3.2 Tesla Motors Next Generation Model S

3.3.3 Telsa Battery Pack And Frame

3.4 Daimler AG

3.4.1 Daimler Smart Car Model Features

3.4.2 Electric Car by Daimler Mercedes (2010)

3.5 Think

3.5.1 A123Systems / GE Production Contract for Norwegian Think Electric Vehicles

3.5.2 Think Overnight Power Top-Up

3.5.3 TH!NK City Safety Concept

3.5.4 TH!NK City Environmentally Friendly

3.5.5 Thinking Globally

3.6 General Motors

3.6.1 GM Volt

3.6.2 GM Challenge to Battery Developers

3.6.3 GM and A123Systems Co-Develop Lithium-Ion Battery Cell for Chevrolet Volt

3.6.4 GM Cadillac Electric Vehicle

3.6.5 GM / Opel

3.6.6 GM Chevrolet Equinox Fuel-Cell Vehicles

3.7 Miles XS500 Electric Car

3.8 Mitsubishi i MiEV Electric Car to be Sold 1 Year Ahead of Schedule in Japan

3.8.1 Mitsubishi i MiEV Electric Car Specifications

3.8.2 Mitsubishi i MiEV Electric Car Pricing

3.8.3 i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi

3.8.4 Mitsubishi Electric Car i MiEV Coming to Europe

3.8.5 Mitsubishi Electric Car i MiEV Production Plans

3.8.6 i MiEV Electric Car Specifications

3.8.7 i MiEV Electric Car to be Sold 1 Year Ahead of Schedule

3.9 Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru R1e Electric Car Source: Subaru.

3.9.1 Subaru Selling EVs In Japan In 2009

3.9.2 Subaru G4e Source: Subaru.

3.9.3 NEC / Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru

3.9.4 NEC / Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru Thin Film Battery Flat Shape

3.10 Electric Supercar by Hybrid Technologies

3.11 Electric Mini by PML

3.12 Electric Car by Nissan (2010-2012)

3.12.1 NEC / Nissan Low-Cost Lithium-Manganese Batteries

3.13 REVA Electric Car

3.14 Zenn Low Speed Electric Car

3.15 Commuter Cars Tango Electric Car

3.16 Eliica Electric Car by KEIO University

3.17 Wrightspeed X1 Electric Car

3.18 Saturn SP1 Electric Car Conversion by Students of Napoleon High School

3.19 Toyota Hybrid Prius

3.19.1 Toyota iQ Microcar

3.19.2 Toyota FT-EV Battery Electric Vehicle

3.20 Ford

3.21 Chrysler

3.21.1 Chrysler Town & Country EV

3.21.2 Chrysler Personal Mobility Revolution

3.21.3 Chrysler Dodge Circuit EV

3.21.4 Chrysler Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited EV

3.22 Phoenix

3.23 Shelby Supercars

3.24 Aptera

4. ELECTRIC VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
4.1 Phoenix Motorcars Altairnano Lithium Titanate Battery Technology

4.1.1 Altairnano Battery Comparison

4.1.2 Lead-Acid Battery Technology

4.1.3 Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH)

4.1.4 Lithium-Ion

4.2 Globalization Model For Electric Cars

4.2.1 Better Place Electric Vehicle Network

4.2.2 Better Place has partnered with AGL Energy in Australia

4.3 EFOY Pro Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Charging Kit

4.3.1 Smart Fuel Cells SFC

4.3.2 Citycom AG’s CityEL

4.4 Vendor Lithium-ion Battery Strategy

4.4.1 Rechargeable Lithium Batteries Characteristics

4.5 Challenges in Battery Design

4.5.1 Advanced Lithium-ion Batteries Requirements

4.6 Vendor Lithium-Ion Battery Positioning

4.6.1 High-Quality, Volume Manufacturing Facilities

4.7 Applications Of Lithium-Ion Batteries

4.8 Mobile Phone Industry

4.8.1 Nanowires

4.8.2 Thin Film Battery Enabling Chemistries

4.8.3 The Cathodes

4.8.4 Solid State Devices Provide More Energy Density

4.9 Advantages of Lithium-Ion Batteries

4.9.1 Lithium-Ion Battery Shortcomings

4.9.2 Charging

4.9.3 Applications

4.9.4 Costs

4.10 Lithium Cell Chemistry Variants

4.10.1 Lithium-ion

4.10.2 Lithium-ion Polymer

4.10.3 Other Lithium Cathode Chemistry Variants

4.10.4 Lithium Cobalt LiCoO2

4.10.5 Lithium Manganese LiMn2O4

4.10.6 Lithium Nickel LiNiO2

4.10.7 Lithium (NCM) Nickel Cobal Manganese – Li(NiCoMn)O2

4.10.8 Lithium Iron Phosphate LiFePO4

4.11 Operating Performance Of The Cell Can Be Tuned

4.12 Lithium Metal Polymer

4.12.1 Lithium Sulphur Li2S8

4.12.2 Alternative Anode Chemistry

4.13 ExxonMobil affiliate, Tonen Chemical Polyethylene-Based, Porous Film

4.14 Cymbet Alternate Manufacturing

4.15 Thin-Film Batteries Packaging

4.16 ITN Energy Systems Fibrous Substrates, PowerFiber

4.16.1 ITN Sensors

4.17 Cell Construction

4.18 Impact Of Nanotechnology

4.19 Thin Film Batteries

4.19.1 Thin Film Battery Timescales and Costs

4.19.2 High Power And Energy Density

4.19.3 High Rate Capability

4.20 Comparison Of Rechargeable Battery Performance

4.21 Polymer Film Substrate

4.22 Micro Battery Solid Electrolyte

5. ELECTRIC VEHICLE COMPANY PROFILES

5.1 A123 Systems

5.1.1 A123 Systems Revenue

5.1.2 A123Systems Registration Statement for Initial Public Offering

5.1.3 A123 Systems Batteries Benefits

5.1.4 A123 Systems Competitive Advantage

5.1.5 A123 Systems Strategy

5.1.6 A123Systems and GE

5.1.7 A123 Acquisition of Hymotion

5.1.8 Procter & Gamble Duracell and A123 Systems Collaborate

5.1.9 Cobasys and A123 Systems

5.2 Aperta

5.3 Better Place Model

5.4 BMW

5.5 BYD

5.5.1 Warren Buffett Buys 10 Percent Stake In BYD Chinese Battery Manufacturer

5.6 E-One Moli Energy Group

5.7 Ener1

5.7.1 Ener1 Third Quarter 2008 Revenue

5.7.2 Ener1 Positioning Technology Originally Pioneered By Argonne National Lab

5.7.3 Ener1 Acquires Enertech Leading Korean Lithium-ion Battery Cell Producer

5.7.4 Ener1 / Enertech Specializes In Producing Large Format Flat (“Prismatic”) Cells

5.7.5 EnerDel Operations

5.8 Ford

5.8.1 Ford Electric Vehicle Positioning

5.8.2 Ford’s Comprehensive Sustainability Strategy

5.8.3 Ford Partnership With Southern California Edison Electric Utility

5.8.4 Ford Partnership with Johnson Controls-Saft for Thin Film Batteries

5.8.5 Ford Partnership with Utility Industry

5.8.6 Building A Business Case

5.8.7 Governments Of Japan, China, Korea, And India Significantly Funding EV Research

5.8.8 Ford Energy Future Vision

5.9 Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru

5.9.1 Subaru of America

5.9.2 Subaru of America Revenue 2008

5.10 General Motors

5.10.1 General Motors Factory In Michigan To Build Battery Packs

5.10.2 GM 2008 Global Sales of 8.35 Million Vehicles

5.10.3 GM Continues Growth in Emerging Markets

5.10.4 GM’s North America Regional Performance

5.10.5 GM Europe

5.10.6 GM Strongly Believes In The Electrification Of The Automobile

5.11 Miles Electric Vehicles

5.11.1 Miles Zero Emissions, Full Electric Car

5.12 Johnson Controls-Saft

5.13 LG Petrochemical

5.13.1 LG Chem

5.14 Mitsubishi

5.14.1 Fleet Testing Of The Zero-Emissions iMiev Electric Vehicle

5.15 NEC / Nissan Low-Cost Lithium-Manganese Batteries

5.15.1 NEC Lamilion Energy

5.16 Panasonic / Sanyo

5.17 Phoenix Motorcars

5.17.1 Phoenix Motorcars Customers: Maui Electric

5.17.2 Phoenix MC All-Electric, Light-Duty Trucks

5.18 REVA

5.18.1 REVA Car Features

5.18.2 REVA Globally Tested Product

5.19 Saft

5.19.1 Saft Battery Technologies

5.19.2 Saft Industrial Battery Group (IBG)

5.19.3 Saft Specialty Battery Group (SBG)

5.19.4 Saft Rechargeable Battery Systems (RBS)

5.19.5 Saft Research and Development

5.19.6 Johnson Controls-Saft United States Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC)

5.20 Samsung

5.21 Shelby SuperCars

5.21.1 Sheffield International Finance Corporation

5.21.2 SSC Monthly Newsletter

5.22 Tesla Motors

5.22.1 Tesla Battery Packs

5.22.2 Tesla Roadster

5.22.3 Tesla Restructuring

5.23 Think

5.23.1 Think Manufacturing Capacity

5.23.2 Think Employees Called Back From Lay-Off

5.23.3 Think Confirms Interim Financing – Private Equity Firm Ener1 Group Is The Lead Investor

5.23.4 Kleiner Perkins And Rockport Capital, Two Leading Us Cleantech Investors Launch Joint Venture With Norwegian Electrical Vehicle Company Think

5.23.5 TH!NK city Crash-Tested And Highway-Certified EV

5.23.6 Think Strategic Partnership With Energy Giant General Electric

5.23.7 Think collaboration with Porsche Consulting

5.24 Toyota

5.25 ZENN Motor Company

5.25.1 Zenn Motor Strategic Energy Storage Partner, Eestor

List of Tables and Figures
Figure ES-1

Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e

Figure ES-2

REVA Electric Car

Table ES-3

Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces

Table ES-3 (Continued)

Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces

Figure ES-4

Worldwide Electric Vehicles

On The Road Market Shares, Units, 2009

Figure ES-5

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Penetration of

Automotive and Light Truck Market Forecasts, Percent,

2009-2015

Figure ES-6

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Retail Forecasts, Dollars,

2009-2015

Table ES-7

Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets

Table ES-7 (Continued)

Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets

Table ES-8

New Infrastructure, New Driving Modalities Brought By

Electric Vehicles

Table 1-1

Principal Features Used To Compare Rechargeable Batteries

Figure 1-2

BMW’s Mini E Electric Car Powered By A Rechargeable

Lithium-Ion Battery

Table 1-3

Examples of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Figure 1-4

Typical Structure Of A Thin Film Solid State Battery

Table 1-5

Characteristics Of Battery Cells

Table 2-1

Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces

Table 2-2

Energy Advantages Of Thin-Film Batteries

Figure 2-3

Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e

Table 2-4

Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces

Table 2-4 (Continued)

Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces

Figure 2-5

Worldwide Electric Vehicles

On The Road Market Shares, Units, 2009

Table 2-6

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Shipments Market Shares,

Units On the Road

2009 11

Figure 2-7

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Red

Figure 2-8

REVA Electric Car

Figure 2-9

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Penetration of Automotive

and Light Truck Market Forecasts, Percent,

2009-2015

Table 2-10

Worldwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments

and Automotive Market Retail Forecasts and

Penetration Analysis, 2009-2015

Figure 2-11

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Retail Forecasts, Dollars,

2009-2015

Table 2-12

Worldwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments

and Automotive Market Retail Forecasts and

Penetration Analysis, 2009-2015

Table 2-13

Worldwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments

and Automotive Market Retail Forecasts, Penetration Analysis,

2009-2015

Table 2-14

Worldwide Automotive and Light Truck Small

Size Electric Vehicle (EV) Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015

Table 2-15

Worldwide Small Electric Vehicle (EV) Market

Forecasts, Units, 2009-2015

Table 2-16

Worldwide Small Car and Small Light Truck Electric

Vehicle (EV) Automotive Market Retail Forecasts,

Units and Dollars, 2009-2015

Table 2-17

Worldwide Sedan Size Automotive and Light Truck

Electric Vehicle (EV) Retail Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015

Table 2-18

Worldwide Sedan Size Automotive and Light Truck

Electric Vehicle (EV) Shipments Retail Market Forecasts, Units,

2009-2015

Table 2-19

Worldwide Sedan Size Car and Light Truck Electric

Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments and Automotive Market

Retail Forecasts, Units and Dollars, 2009-201

Table 2-20

Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets

Table 2-21

New Infrastructure, New Driving Modalities Brought By

Electric Vehicles

Table 2-22

Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces

Table 2-23

Energy Advantages Of Thin-Film Batteries

Figure 2-24

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008

Table 2-25

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008

Figure 2-26

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015

Figure 2-27

Worldwide Lithium-Ion and Advanced Lithium-ion

Battery Market Forecasts, Automotive, Power Tools,

Electric Grid, and PC Card, Dollars, 2009-2015

Figure 2-28

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Automotive Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008

Figure 2-29

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Automotive Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008

Figure 2-30

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015

Figure 2-31

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Units, 2009-2015

Figure 2-32

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Units and Dollars, 2009-2015

Table 2-33

Commercialization Challenges Of The Automotive,

Truck, and Bus Thin Film Battery Industry

Table 2-34

Integrated Thin Film Battery Personal Transport Power Systems

Figure 3-1

BMW’S Mini E Electric Car Powered By A Rechargeable

Lithium-Ion Battery

Figure 3-2

BYD E6 Electric Car

Figure 3-3

BYD F3DM Front View

Figure 3-4

BYD F3DM Rear View

Figure 3-5

BYD F3 Moon Roof

Table 3-6

BYD Plug-in Hybrid Powertrain Flexibility

Figure 3-7

BYD E6 Electric Car

Figure 3-8

BYD F6

Figure 3-9

Tesla Motors Roadster

Figure 3-10

Tesla Motors Roadster Torque and Power Graph

Figure 3-11

Model S by Tesla Motors

Figure 3-12

Daimler AG Smart car

Figure 3-13

Daimler Smart Car

Figure 3-14

Daimler Electric Mercedes

Figure 3-15

Prince Albert of Monaco Driving TH!NK city

Figure 3-16

Driving TH!NK city

Figure 3-17

Think Driver Console

Figure 3-18

Think Open

Figure 3-19

Think OX

Figure 3-20

Think City Electric Vehicle

Table 3-21

TH!NK City Specifications

Table 3-22

Think City Standard Equipment:

Table 3-22 (Continued)

Think City Standard Equipment:

Table 3-23

TH!NK City Features

Figure 3-24

Think Lineup of Electric Cars

Figure 3-25

General Motors Chevrolet Volt – Front View

Figure 3-26

General Motors Chevrolet Volt – Angle View

Figure 3-27

General Motors Chevrolet Volt – Rear View

Figure 3-28

General Motors Chevrolet Volt

Figure 3-29

GM Cadillac Electric Vehicle

Figure 3-30

General Motors EV1 Electric Car

Figure 3-31

XS500 Electric Car by Miles

Figure 3-32

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – In Traffic

Figure 3-33

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Battery Packaging

Figure 3-34

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Red

Figure 3-35

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Gray

Figure 3-36

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Interior

Figure 3-37

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Features

Figure 3-38

Mitsubishi I Miev Electric Car

Figure 3-39

Mitsubishi I Miev Electric Car Interior Engine and

Drive Train Layout

Figure 3-40

Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru R1e Electric Car

Figure 3-41

Subaru R1e Electric Car Plug Station

Figure 3-42

Subaru G4e Electric Car

Figure 3-43

Hybrid Technologies Electric Supercar

Figure 3-44

Electric Mini by PML

Figure 3-45

Test Electric Car by Nissan

Figure 3-46

REVA Electric Car

Figure 3-47

Zenn Auto

Figure 3-48

Zenn Electric Auto Close-up

Figure 3-49

Zenn Auto Parked in Street

Figure 3-50

Zenn Electric Auto – Gray with Sun Roof

Figure 3-51

Commuter Cars Tango Electric Car

Figure 3-52

Commuter Cars Tango in Washington DC

Figure 3-53

Eliica Electric Car

Figure 3-54

Wrightspeed X1 Electric Car

Figure 3-55

Saturn SP1 Electric Car Conversion

Figure 3-56

Toyota Hybrid Prius

Figure 3-57

Toyota FT-EV Battery Electric Vehicle

Figure 3-58

Toyota Electric Car

Table 3-59

Chrysler ENVI Electric Minivan Features

Figure 3-60

Interior of The Concept Car, The Chrysler 200C EV

Table 3-61

Chrysler Electric Vehicle Positioning

Table 3-62

Chrysler Electric Vehicle EV

Figure 3-63

Chrysler Electric Vehicles

Figure 3-64

Dodge Circuit EV

Table 3-65

Dodge Circuit EV Features

Figure 3-66

Chrysler Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited EV

Figure 3-67

Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited EV Features

Figure 3-68

Phoenix Motorcars SUT Truck

Figure 3-69

Phoenix Motorcars SUV Vehicle

Figure 3-70

Shelby Supercars

Figure 3-71

Shelby Supercars – Doors Raised

Figure 3-72

Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e

Figure 3-73

Aptera 2e Pre-Production Models

Figure 3-74

Aperta Three Wheel Vehicle

Figure 3-75

Aperta Three Wheel Vehicle – Rear View

Figure 4-1

Altairnano Battery Performance:

Figure 4-2

EFOY Pro Fuel Cell Kit For Electric Vehicles

Figure 4-3

Electrica City Car – Red

Figure 4-4

Electrica City Car – Yellow

Figure 4-5

Electrica City Car – Open

Figure 4-6

Electrica City Car – Dashboard

Figure 4-7

Smart Fuel Cells (SFC) Supply The StartLab Open With Power

Table 4-8

Challenges in Lithium-ion Battery Design

Table 4-9

Advantages of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Source: ITN.

Table 4-10

Thin Film Battery Unique Properties

Table 4-11

Comparison of battery performances

Table 4-12

Comparison Of Battery Performances

Table 4-13

Thin Films For Advanced Batteries

Table 4-14

Thin Film Batteries Technology

Table 4-15

Thin Film Battery / Lithium Air Batteries Applications

Figure 4-16

Polymer Film Substrate Thin Flexible Battery Profiles

Figure 4-17

Design Alternatives of Thin Film Rechargable Batteries

Table 5-1

A123 Systems Batteries Benefits

Table 5-2

A123 Systems Competitive Positioning

Table 5-2 (Continued)

A123 Systems Competitive Positioning

Table 5-2 (Continued)

A123 Systems Competitive Positioning

Figure 5-3

Aptera Vehicle Early Drawings

Figure 5-4

Assembly Facility: Vista, CA

Figure 5-5

Aperta Composite Facility: Carlsbad, CA

Figure 5-6

EnerDel Operations

Figure 5-7

EnerDel Lithium Power Systems

Figure 5-8

EnerDel Lithium Power USABC Contracts

Figure 5-9

EnerDel Lithium Power Think Projct

Table 5-10

Ford Key Government Energy Actions Recommendations

Figure 5-11

Sanyo Battery Targets 2020

Figure 5-12

REVA Electric Car

Figure 5-13

Saft Revenue H1 2008

Figure 5-14

Shelby Supercars

Figure 5-15

Think Auto Production Facility

Figure 5-16

TH!NK North America

Figure 5-17

Toyota Consolidated Vehicle Sales

Figure 5-18

Toyota Strategy

Figure 5-19

Toyota Car

 

Breakthrough technology in electric vehicles brings advancements that provide customers with personal transportation choices never before available. Electric vehicles are real. They come in a variety of styles and capabilities. The BMW features driving control and style. The Chinese BYD hybrid backed by Warren Buffet’s company has features that enable plug-in hybrid power train flexibility. It has a full battery-powered electric mode. The series-hybrid mode has an engine which drives a generator to recharge the batteries, acting as a rangeextender. There is a parallel hybrid mode, in which the engine and motor both provide propulsive power.

Electric vehicles represent a quantum shift in transportation. The design trajectories are varied; the opportunities are significant as a quantum shift occurs in what the vehicle basic functions are and how the vehicle works. The car companies that leverage the market opportunity to shift to a new paradyne are likely to succeed. There are others who merely try to migrate existing styles and designs to electric vehicles. Buggy whips come to mind.

The ability to plug a car into a hardened backyard set of batteries charged from a solar panel provides relief from gasoline spending. To have a second car, powered by a battery pack promises to provide growth of a new industry. The banks can loan against the car and the solar panel. Solar panels are evolving modular capability where they can be quickly installed and provide electricity for the car.

Investment in electric vehicle infrastructure is a priority. With countries seeking to invest in infrastructure that will provide economic growth, it is clear that special infrastructure for electric vehicles will stimulate growth from the private sector. Electric vehicle market segment is positioned for growth for vehicles used for local driving.

Worldwide nanotechnology thin film lithium-ion batteries are poised to achieve significant growth as units become more able to achieve deliver of power to electric vehicles efficiently. Less expensive lithium-ion batteries allow leveraging economies of scale and proliferation of devices into a wide range of applications. According to Susan Eustis, lead author of the study, “Economies of scale leverage the lithium-ion battery nanotechnology advances needed to make lithium-ion batteries competitive. Nanotechnology provided by lithium-ion research solves the issues poised by the need to store renewable energy. Lithium-ion batteries switch price reductions are poised to drive market adoption by making units affordable.”

Nanotechnology results obtained in the laboratory are being translated into commercial products. The processes of translating the nanotechnology science into thin film lithium ion batteries are anticipated to be ongoing. The breakthroughs of science in the laboratory have only begun to be translated into life outside the lab, with a long way to go in improving the functioning of the lithium-ion batteries.

Unlike any other battery technology, thin film solid-state batteries show very high cycle life. Using very thin cathodes (0.05µm) batteries have been cycled in excess of 45,000 cycles with very limited loss in capacity. After 45,000 cycles, 95% of the original capacity remained.

Markets for electric vehicles at 685 units in 2008 are anticipated to reach 32.7 million autos shipped by 2015, growing in response to demand for a renewable energy powered vehicle that lowers the total cost of ownership by a significant amount. Lithium-ion batteries used in cell phones and PCs, and in cordless power tools are proving the technology to power electric vehicles. Early electric vehicles are being used as city cars, proving the feasibility of electric cars. Think in Norway has a viable manufacturing operation and 1,000 cars on the road. The large emerging markets are for hybrid and electric vehicles powered by renewable energy systems.

Table of Contents :
Figure ES-1
Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e

Figure ES-2

REVA Electric Car

Table ES-3

Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces

Table ES-3 (Continued)

Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces

Figure ES-4

Worldwide Electric Vehicles

On The Road Market Shares, Units, 2009

Figure ES-5

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Penetration of

Automotive and Light Truck Market Forecasts, Percent,

2009-2015

Figure ES-6

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Retail Forecasts, Dollars,

2009-2015

Table ES-7

Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets

Table ES-7 (Continued)

Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets

Table ES-8

New Infrastructure, New Driving Modalities Brought By

Electric Vehicles

1. ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET DESCRIPTION AND MARKET DYNAMICS
1.1 Auto Industry

1.1.1 Electric Vehicle Economic Forces

1.1.2 Cars Represent 20% Of The US Economic Retail Spending

1.1.3 Electric Vehicle Design Trajectories

1.2 Electric Vehicle EVs

1.2.1 EVs Cost Effective In City Conditions

1.2.2 Lithium-Ion Car Batteries

1.2.3 Private-Public Partnerships

1.3 Lithium-Ion Battery Target Markets

1.3.1 Project Better Place and the Renault-Nissan Alliance

1.3.2 Largest Target Market, The Transportation Industry

1.3.3 Electric Grid Services Market

1.3.4 Portable Power Market, Power Tools

1.4 Lithium-Ion Battery Technologies Transportation Industry Target Market

1.5 Energy Storage For Grid Stabilization

1.5.1 Local Energy Storage Benefit For Utilities

1.6 Applications Require On-Printed Circuit Board Battery Power

1.6.1 Thin-film vs. Printed Batteries

1.7 Smart Buildings

1.7.1 Permanent Power for Wireless Sensors

1.8 Battery Safety / Potential Hazards

1.9 Thin Film Solid-State Battery Construction

1.10 Battery Is Electrochemical Device

1.11 Battery Depends On Chemical Energy

1.11.1 Characteristics Of Battery Cells

1.11.2 Batteries Are Designed Differently For Various Applications

2. ELECTRIC VEHICLE MARKET SHARES AND MARKET FORECASTS
2.1 Electric Vehicle Economic Market Driving Forces

2.1.1 Nanotechnology Forms the Base for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2.1.2 Lithium-Ion Batteries

2.2 Electric Vehicle Market Shares

2.2.1 Daimler Safety Cell

2.2.2 Daimler Smart Car

2.2.3 BYD

2.2.4 Think Environmentally Friendly Vehicles

2.2.5 TH!NK City Safety Concept

2.2.6 Think Overnight Power Top-Up

2.2.7 GM Volt

2.2.8 GM Opel

2.2.9 Tesla Motors

2.2.10 i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi

2.2.11 Mitsubishi

2.2.12 Subaru Selling EVs In Japan In 2009

2.2.13 BMW

2.2.14 REVA Electric Car

2.2.15 Ford Advances Electric Vehicle Technology

2.2.16 Ford Partnership With Utility Industry

2.2.17 Toyota Hybrid Prius

2.2.18 Nissan

2.2.19 Phoenix Motorcars

2.2.20 Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru

2.2.21 Chrysler

2.3 Electric Vehicles Market Forecasts

2.4 Electric Vehicle Battery Recharging

2.4.1 Changing Electric Vehicles On The Fly

2.5 2008 / 2009 Auto Sales Overview

2.5.1 Korean Cars Succeed In US

2.5.2 Total Vehicles Sold / GM Profile

2.5.3 GM Global Vehicle Sales and Market Share – 2007

2.5.4 Worldwide Automotive Sales For 2007

2.5.5 Deepening Slowdown

2.6 Electric Vehicles As A Very Fancy Golf Cart

2.7 Worldwide Nanotechnology Thin Film Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces

2.7.1 Market Driving Forces

2.7.2 Nanotechnology Forms the Base for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2.7.3 Competitors

2.8 Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares

2.8.1 ExxonMobil Affiliate in Japan / Tonen Chemical

2.8.2 A123Systems Patent for Nanophosphate™ Lithium Ion Battery Technology

2.9 Lithium-Ion Battery Market Forecasts

2.10 Electric Vehicle and Hybrid Vehicle Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares

2.10.1 BYD

2.10.2 Johnson Controls-Saft

2.10.3 Saft Battery Technologies

2.10.4 A123Systems 32 Series Automotive Class Lithium Ion™ Cells:

2.10.5 NEC and Nissen

2.10.6 LG Chem

2.10.7 EnerDel

2.10.8 Competition

2.11 Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Lithium-Ion Battery Market Forecasts

2.11.1 Largest Target Market, The Transportation Industry Thin Film Advanced Lithium-Ion Battery EV Market Thin Film Lithium-Ion And Lithium Polymer Automotive Batteries

3. ELECTRIC VEHICLE PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
3.1 BMW

3.1.1 BMW Second Version Of The Electric Mini

3.2 BYD / MidAmerican Energy Holdings

3.2.1 Warren Buffet – MidAmerican, A Collection Of Electric Utilities In The Midwest

3.2.2 BYD Plug-in Hybrid Power Train Flexibility

3.2.3 BYD E6 Electric Car and F6

3.2.4 BYD E6 Electric Vehicle Specifications

3.3 Tesla Motors

3.3.1 Electric Roadster by Tesla Motors

3.3.2 Tesla Motors Next Generation Model S

3.3.3 Telsa Battery Pack And Frame

3.4 Daimler AG

3.4.1 Daimler Smart Car Model Features

3.4.2 Electric Car by Daimler Mercedes (2010)

3.5 Think

3.5.1 A123Systems / GE Production Contract for Norwegian Think Electric Vehicles

3.5.2 Think Overnight Power Top-Up

3.5.3 TH!NK City Safety Concept

3.5.4 TH!NK City Environmentally Friendly

3.5.5 Thinking Globally

3.6 General Motors

3.6.1 GM Volt

3.6.2 GM Challenge to Battery Developers

3.6.3 GM and A123Systems Co-Develop Lithium-Ion Battery Cell for Chevrolet Volt

3.6.4 GM Cadillac Electric Vehicle

3.6.5 GM / Opel

3.6.6 GM Chevrolet Equinox Fuel-Cell Vehicles

3.7 Miles XS500 Electric Car

3.8 Mitsubishi i MiEV Electric Car to be Sold 1 Year Ahead of Schedule in Japan

3.8.1 Mitsubishi i MiEV Electric Car Specifications

3.8.2 Mitsubishi i MiEV Electric Car Pricing

3.8.3 i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi

3.8.4 Mitsubishi Electric Car i MiEV Coming to Europe

3.8.5 Mitsubishi Electric Car i MiEV Production Plans

3.8.6 i MiEV Electric Car Specifications

3.8.7 i MiEV Electric Car to be Sold 1 Year Ahead of Schedule

3.9 Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru R1e Electric Car Source: Subaru.

3.9.1 Subaru Selling EVs In Japan In 2009

3.9.2 Subaru G4e Source: Subaru.

3.9.3 NEC / Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru

3.9.4 NEC / Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru Thin Film Battery Flat Shape

3.10 Electric Supercar by Hybrid Technologies

3.11 Electric Mini by PML

3.12 Electric Car by Nissan (2010-2012)

3.12.1 NEC / Nissan Low-Cost Lithium-Manganese Batteries

3.13 REVA Electric Car

3.14 Zenn Low Speed Electric Car

3.15 Commuter Cars Tango Electric Car

3.16 Eliica Electric Car by KEIO University

3.17 Wrightspeed X1 Electric Car

3.18 Saturn SP1 Electric Car Conversion by Students of Napoleon High School

3.19 Toyota Hybrid Prius

3.19.1 Toyota iQ Microcar

3.19.2 Toyota FT-EV Battery Electric Vehicle

3.20 Ford

3.21 Chrysler

3.21.1 Chrysler Town & Country EV

3.21.2 Chrysler Personal Mobility Revolution

3.21.3 Chrysler Dodge Circuit EV

3.21.4 Chrysler Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited EV

3.22 Phoenix

3.23 Shelby Supercars

3.24 Aptera

4. ELECTRIC VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
4.1 Phoenix Motorcars Altairnano Lithium Titanate Battery Technology

4.1.1 Altairnano Battery Comparison

4.1.2 Lead-Acid Battery Technology

4.1.3 Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH)

4.1.4 Lithium-Ion

4.2 Globalization Model For Electric Cars

4.2.1 Better Place Electric Vehicle Network

4.2.2 Better Place has partnered with AGL Energy in Australia

4.3 EFOY Pro Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle Charging Kit

4.3.1 Smart Fuel Cells SFC

4.3.2 Citycom AG’s CityEL

4.4 Vendor Lithium-ion Battery Strategy

4.4.1 Rechargeable Lithium Batteries Characteristics

4.5 Challenges in Battery Design

4.5.1 Advanced Lithium-ion Batteries Requirements

4.6 Vendor Lithium-Ion Battery Positioning

4.6.1 High-Quality, Volume Manufacturing Facilities

4.7 Applications Of Lithium-Ion Batteries

4.8 Mobile Phone Industry

4.8.1 Nanowires

4.8.2 Thin Film Battery Enabling Chemistries

4.8.3 The Cathodes

4.8.4 Solid State Devices Provide More Energy Density

4.9 Advantages of Lithium-Ion Batteries

4.9.1 Lithium-Ion Battery Shortcomings

4.9.2 Charging

4.9.3 Applications

4.9.4 Costs

4.10 Lithium Cell Chemistry Variants

4.10.1 Lithium-ion

4.10.2 Lithium-ion Polymer

4.10.3 Other Lithium Cathode Chemistry Variants

4.10.4 Lithium Cobalt LiCoO2

4.10.5 Lithium Manganese LiMn2O4

4.10.6 Lithium Nickel LiNiO2

4.10.7 Lithium (NCM) Nickel Cobal Manganese – Li(NiCoMn)O2

4.10.8 Lithium Iron Phosphate LiFePO4

4.11 Operating Performance Of The Cell Can Be Tuned

4.12 Lithium Metal Polymer

4.12.1 Lithium Sulphur Li2S8

4.12.2 Alternative Anode Chemistry

4.13 ExxonMobil affiliate, Tonen Chemical Polyethylene-Based, Porous Film

4.14 Cymbet Alternate Manufacturing

4.15 Thin-Film Batteries Packaging

4.16 ITN Energy Systems Fibrous Substrates, PowerFiber

4.16.1 ITN Sensors

4.17 Cell Construction

4.18 Impact Of Nanotechnology

4.19 Thin Film Batteries

4.19.1 Thin Film Battery Timescales and Costs

4.19.2 High Power And Energy Density

4.19.3 High Rate Capability

4.20 Comparison Of Rechargeable Battery Performance

4.21 Polymer Film Substrate

4.22 Micro Battery Solid Electrolyte

5. ELECTRIC VEHICLE COMPANY PROFILES

5.1 A123 Systems

5.1.1 A123 Systems Revenue

5.1.2 A123Systems Registration Statement for Initial Public Offering

5.1.3 A123 Systems Batteries Benefits

5.1.4 A123 Systems Competitive Advantage

5.1.5 A123 Systems Strategy

5.1.6 A123Systems and GE

5.1.7 A123 Acquisition of Hymotion

5.1.8 Procter & Gamble Duracell and A123 Systems Collaborate

5.1.9 Cobasys and A123 Systems

5.2 Aperta

5.3 Better Place Model

5.4 BMW

5.5 BYD

5.5.1 Warren Buffett Buys 10 Percent Stake In BYD Chinese Battery Manufacturer

5.6 E-One Moli Energy Group

5.7 Ener1

5.7.1 Ener1 Third Quarter 2008 Revenue

5.7.2 Ener1 Positioning Technology Originally Pioneered By Argonne National Lab

5.7.3 Ener1 Acquires Enertech Leading Korean Lithium-ion Battery Cell Producer

5.7.4 Ener1 / Enertech Specializes In Producing Large Format Flat (“Prismatic”) Cells

5.7.5 EnerDel Operations

5.8 Ford

5.8.1 Ford Electric Vehicle Positioning

5.8.2 Ford’s Comprehensive Sustainability Strategy

5.8.3 Ford Partnership With Southern California Edison Electric Utility

5.8.4 Ford Partnership with Johnson Controls-Saft for Thin Film Batteries

5.8.5 Ford Partnership with Utility Industry

5.8.6 Building A Business Case

5.8.7 Governments Of Japan, China, Korea, And India Significantly Funding EV Research

5.8.8 Ford Energy Future Vision

5.9 Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru

5.9.1 Subaru of America

5.9.2 Subaru of America Revenue 2008

5.10 General Motors

5.10.1 General Motors Factory In Michigan To Build Battery Packs

5.10.2 GM 2008 Global Sales of 8.35 Million Vehicles

5.10.3 GM Continues Growth in Emerging Markets

5.10.4 GM’s North America Regional Performance

5.10.5 GM Europe

5.10.6 GM Strongly Believes In The Electrification Of The Automobile

5.11 Miles Electric Vehicles

5.11.1 Miles Zero Emissions, Full Electric Car

5.12 Johnson Controls-Saft

5.13 LG Petrochemical

5.13.1 LG Chem

5.14 Mitsubishi

5.14.1 Fleet Testing Of The Zero-Emissions iMiev Electric Vehicle

5.15 NEC / Nissan Low-Cost Lithium-Manganese Batteries

5.15.1 NEC Lamilion Energy

5.16 Panasonic / Sanyo

5.17 Phoenix Motorcars

5.17.1 Phoenix Motorcars Customers: Maui Electric

5.17.2 Phoenix MC All-Electric, Light-Duty Trucks

5.18 REVA

5.18.1 REVA Car Features

5.18.2 REVA Globally Tested Product

5.19 Saft

5.19.1 Saft Battery Technologies

5.19.2 Saft Industrial Battery Group (IBG)

5.19.3 Saft Specialty Battery Group (SBG)

5.19.4 Saft Rechargeable Battery Systems (RBS)

5.19.5 Saft Research and Development

5.19.6 Johnson Controls-Saft United States Advanced Battery Consortium (USABC)

5.20 Samsung

5.21 Shelby SuperCars

5.21.1 Sheffield International Finance Corporation

5.21.2 SSC Monthly Newsletter

5.22 Tesla Motors

5.22.1 Tesla Battery Packs

5.22.2 Tesla Roadster

5.22.3 Tesla Restructuring

5.23 Think

5.23.1 Think Manufacturing Capacity

5.23.2 Think Employees Called Back From Lay-Off

5.23.3 Think Confirms Interim Financing – Private Equity Firm Ener1 Group Is The Lead Investor

5.23.4 Kleiner Perkins And Rockport Capital, Two Leading Us Cleantech Investors Launch Joint Venture With Norwegian Electrical Vehicle Company Think

5.23.5 TH!NK city Crash-Tested And Highway-Certified EV

5.23.6 Think Strategic Partnership With Energy Giant General Electric

5.23.7 Think collaboration with Porsche Consulting

5.24 Toyota

5.25 ZENN Motor Company

5.25.1 Zenn Motor Strategic Energy Storage Partner, Eestor

List of Tables and Figures
Figure ES-1

Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e

Figure ES-2

REVA Electric Car

Table ES-3

Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces

Table ES-3 (Continued)

Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces

Figure ES-4

Worldwide Electric Vehicles

On The Road Market Shares, Units, 2009

Figure ES-5

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Penetration of

Automotive and Light Truck Market Forecasts, Percent,

2009-2015

Figure ES-6

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Retail Forecasts, Dollars,

2009-2015

Table ES-7

Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets

Table ES-7 (Continued)

Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets

Table ES-8

New Infrastructure, New Driving Modalities Brought By

Electric Vehicles

Table 1-1

Principal Features Used To Compare Rechargeable Batteries

Figure 1-2

BMW’s Mini E Electric Car Powered By A Rechargeable

Lithium-Ion Battery

Table 1-3

Examples of Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Figure 1-4

Typical Structure Of A Thin Film Solid State Battery

Table 1-5

Characteristics Of Battery Cells

Table 2-1

Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces

Table 2-2

Energy Advantages Of Thin-Film Batteries

Figure 2-3

Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e

Table 2-4

Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces

Table 2-4 (Continued)

Electric Vehicle Market Driving Forces

Figure 2-5

Worldwide Electric Vehicles

On The Road Market Shares, Units, 2009

Table 2-6

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Shipments Market Shares,

Units On the Road

2009 11

Figure 2-7

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Red

Figure 2-8

REVA Electric Car

Figure 2-9

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Penetration of Automotive

and Light Truck Market Forecasts, Percent,

2009-2015

Table 2-10

Worldwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments

and Automotive Market Retail Forecasts and

Penetration Analysis, 2009-2015

Figure 2-11

Worldwide Electric Vehicle Retail Forecasts, Dollars,

2009-2015

Table 2-12

Worldwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments

and Automotive Market Retail Forecasts and

Penetration Analysis, 2009-2015

Table 2-13

Worldwide Electric Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments

and Automotive Market Retail Forecasts, Penetration Analysis,

2009-2015

Table 2-14

Worldwide Automotive and Light Truck Small

Size Electric Vehicle (EV) Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015

Table 2-15

Worldwide Small Electric Vehicle (EV) Market

Forecasts, Units, 2009-2015

Table 2-16

Worldwide Small Car and Small Light Truck Electric

Vehicle (EV) Automotive Market Retail Forecasts,

Units and Dollars, 2009-2015

Table 2-17

Worldwide Sedan Size Automotive and Light Truck

Electric Vehicle (EV) Retail Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015

Table 2-18

Worldwide Sedan Size Automotive and Light Truck

Electric Vehicle (EV) Shipments Retail Market Forecasts, Units,

2009-2015

Table 2-19

Worldwide Sedan Size Car and Light Truck Electric

Vehicle (EV) Unit Shipments and Automotive Market

Retail Forecasts, Units and Dollars, 2009-201

Table 2-20

Reasons For Aggressive Forecast For Electric Vehicle Markets

Table 2-21

New Infrastructure, New Driving Modalities Brought By

Electric Vehicles

Table 2-22

Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces

Table 2-23

Energy Advantages Of Thin-Film Batteries

Figure 2-24

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008

Table 2-25

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008

Figure 2-26

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015

Figure 2-27

Worldwide Lithium-Ion and Advanced Lithium-ion

Battery Market Forecasts, Automotive, Power Tools,

Electric Grid, and PC Card, Dollars, 2009-2015

Figure 2-28

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Automotive Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008

Figure 2-29

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Automotive Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008

Figure 2-30

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015

Figure 2-31

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Units, 2009-2015

Figure 2-32

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Units and Dollars, 2009-2015

Table 2-33

Commercialization Challenges Of The Automotive,

Truck, and Bus Thin Film Battery Industry

Table 2-34

Integrated Thin Film Battery Personal Transport Power Systems

Figure 3-1

BMW’S Mini E Electric Car Powered By A Rechargeable

Lithium-Ion Battery

Figure 3-2

BYD E6 Electric Car

Figure 3-3

BYD F3DM Front View

Figure 3-4

BYD F3DM Rear View

Figure 3-5

BYD F3 Moon Roof

Table 3-6

BYD Plug-in Hybrid Powertrain Flexibility

Figure 3-7

BYD E6 Electric Car

Figure 3-8

BYD F6

Figure 3-9

Tesla Motors Roadster

Figure 3-10

Tesla Motors Roadster Torque and Power Graph

Figure 3-11

Model S by Tesla Motors

Figure 3-12

Daimler AG Smart car

Figure 3-13

Daimler Smart Car

Figure 3-14

Daimler Electric Mercedes

Figure 3-15

Prince Albert of Monaco Driving TH!NK city

Figure 3-16

Driving TH!NK city

Figure 3-17

Think Driver Console

Figure 3-18

Think Open

Figure 3-19

Think OX

Figure 3-20

Think City Electric Vehicle

Table 3-21

TH!NK City Specifications

Table 3-22

Think City Standard Equipment:

Table 3-22 (Continued)

Think City Standard Equipment:

Table 3-23

TH!NK City Features

Figure 3-24

Think Lineup of Electric Cars

Figure 3-25

General Motors Chevrolet Volt – Front View

Figure 3-26

General Motors Chevrolet Volt – Angle View

Figure 3-27

General Motors Chevrolet Volt – Rear View

Figure 3-28

General Motors Chevrolet Volt

Figure 3-29

GM Cadillac Electric Vehicle

Figure 3-30

General Motors EV1 Electric Car

Figure 3-31

XS500 Electric Car by Miles

Figure 3-32

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – In Traffic

Figure 3-33

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Battery Packaging

Figure 3-34

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Red

Figure 3-35

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Gray

Figure 3-36

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Interior

Figure 3-37

i MiEV Electric Car by Mitsubishi – Features

Figure 3-38

Mitsubishi I Miev Electric Car

Figure 3-39

Mitsubishi I Miev Electric Car Interior Engine and

Drive Train Layout

Figure 3-40

Fuji Heavy Industries / Subaru R1e Electric Car

Figure 3-41

Subaru R1e Electric Car Plug Station

Figure 3-42

Subaru G4e Electric Car

Figure 3-43

Hybrid Technologies Electric Supercar

Figure 3-44

Electric Mini by PML

Figure 3-45

Test Electric Car by Nissan

Figure 3-46

REVA Electric Car

Figure 3-47

Zenn Auto

Figure 3-48

Zenn Electric Auto Close-up

Figure 3-49

Zenn Auto Parked in Street

Figure 3-50

Zenn Electric Auto – Gray with Sun Roof

Figure 3-51

Commuter Cars Tango Electric Car

Figure 3-52

Commuter Cars Tango in Washington DC

Figure 3-53

Eliica Electric Car

Figure 3-54

Wrightspeed X1 Electric Car

Figure 3-55

Saturn SP1 Electric Car Conversion

Figure 3-56

Toyota Hybrid Prius

Figure 3-57

Toyota FT-EV Battery Electric Vehicle

Figure 3-58

Toyota Electric Car

Table 3-59

Chrysler ENVI Electric Minivan Features

Figure 3-60

Interior of The Concept Car, The Chrysler 200C EV

Table 3-61

Chrysler Electric Vehicle Positioning

Table 3-62

Chrysler Electric Vehicle EV

Figure 3-63

Chrysler Electric Vehicles

Figure 3-64

Dodge Circuit EV

Table 3-65

Dodge Circuit EV Features

Figure 3-66

Chrysler Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited EV

Figure 3-67

Jeep® Wrangler Unlimited EV Features

Figure 3-68

Phoenix Motorcars SUT Truck

Figure 3-69

Phoenix Motorcars SUV Vehicle

Figure 3-70

Shelby Supercars

Figure 3-71

Shelby Supercars – Doors Raised

Figure 3-72

Aptera Pre-Production Model 2e

Figure 3-73

Aptera 2e Pre-Production Models

Figure 3-74

Aperta Three Wheel Vehicle

Figure 3-75

Aperta Three Wheel Vehicle – Rear View

Figure 4-1

Altairnano Battery Performance:

Figure 4-2

EFOY Pro Fuel Cell Kit For Electric Vehicles

Figure 4-3

Electrica City Car – Red

Figure 4-4

Electrica City Car – Yellow

Figure 4-5

Electrica City Car – Open

Figure 4-6

Electrica City Car – Dashboard

Figure 4-7

Smart Fuel Cells (SFC) Supply The StartLab Open With Power

Table 4-8

Challenges in Lithium-ion Battery Design

Table 4-9

Advantages of Lithium-Ion Batteries

Source: ITN.

Table 4-10

Thin Film Battery Unique Properties

Table 4-11

Comparison of battery performances

Table 4-12

Comparison Of Battery Performances

Table 4-13

Thin Films For Advanced Batteries

Table 4-14

Thin Film Batteries Technology

Table 4-15

Thin Film Battery / Lithium Air Batteries Applications

Figure 4-16

Polymer Film Substrate Thin Flexible Battery Profiles

Figure 4-17

Design Alternatives of Thin Film Rechargable Batteries

Table 5-1

A123 Systems Batteries Benefits

Table 5-2

A123 Systems C

Worldwide Nanotechnology Portable Fuel Cell Market Shares, Strategies, And Forecasts, 2009-2015-Aarkstore Enterprise

Portable fuel cells are poised to achieve significant growth as units become smaller and fuels less expensive. According to Susan Eustis, lead author of the study, “Economies of scale do not entirely solve the inherent high costs of high grade metallic catalysts used in micro fuel cells. Nanotechnology is poised to provide new ways to create advanced materials that can be used to implement portable fuel cells. More catalyst price reductions are needed to make portable fuel cells competitive with thin film batteries. Portable fuel cells are useful in cities to power bicycles and for advanced multimedia electronics that draws a lot of power.”

Most of the developing world, where energy and environmental problems abound, still gets around on 2 wheels. 2% of the 1.5 billion population in China owns a car. Cities have started banning the use of 2-stroke engine motorcycles in favor of LPG scooters and electric bicycles.

19 million electric bicycles were purchased in 2008. The trend is expected to continue. As more people need to travel further each year, fuel cells take on a role in short distance travel. As economies evolve, fuel cells provide a role for green energy. Purchasing power constraints and air pollution issues stimulate the need for low cost, zero carbon transportation solutions.

Portable fuel cell vendors are strategically positioned to develop and implement solutions. Technology costs continue to decrease. Practical fuel solutions continue to develop. Experiments with portable fuel cell products are starting to take place in various parts of the world.

Nanotechnology is being used to implement a variety of portable fuel cell solutions. Many different nanotechnology techniques are being explored. One is of a silicon structure, approximately 400 microns deep, much thicker than the 10-micron depth of a membrane in a traditional PEM-based cell. This design is expected to enable a much larger reaction surface area, enabling high power in a small form-factor.

To compress more power into smaller volumes, researchers have begun to build fuel cells on the fuzzy frontier of nanotechnology. Silicon etching, evaporation, and other processes borrowed from chip manufacturers have been used to create tightly packed channel arrays to guide the flow of fuel through the cell.

The point is to pack a large catalytic surface area into a wafer-thin volume. This approach is evolving, going beyond two-dimensional aspects to gain more surface area. Methods improve the performance of nano-scale fuel cells.

Three-dimensional structures improve current electrocatalysts that have traditionally been expressed on a flat surface. Two dimensional catalysts give hundreds of microamps per square centimeter, while three dimensional catalysts increase the surface area by orders of magnitude.

Fuel channels are evolving in ready-made in a commonly available, porous alumina filters costing only about $1. The filter is riddled with neat, cylindrical holes only 200 nanometers in diameter, and was initially used in labs as a template for the growth of nanowires.

Nanowires can be grown in a platinum-copper alloy, then dissolving the copper by soaking the filter in nitric acid creates electrodes. In place of a solid nanowire, each hole is left with a porous platinum electrode. The partially dissolved wires are structurally complex, as befits their random nature, and have an enormous surface area for their size.

The market size for portable fuel cell power at $80.1 million in 2008 is estimated to reach $4.4 billion dollars by 2015. Existing markets are from mobile homes and PCs used remotely. Strong growth comes as hybrid fuel cell systems evolve to support thin film batteries. The fuel will come from renewable energy sources.
 

 
 
 
  Table of Contents : 
 

NANOTECHNOLOGY PORTABLE FUEL CELL MARKET SHARES AND MARKET FORECASTS
Portable Fuel Cell Markets
Nanotechnology Implements Portable Fuel Cell Solutions
Portable Fuel Cell Market Driving Forces
Availability Of Fuel Cell Infrastructure
Portable Fuel Cell Market Shares
Portable Fuel Cell Market Forecasts
1. MARKET DESCRIPTION AND MARKET DYNAMICS
1.1 Nanotechnology for Fuel Cells
1.1.1 Nanotechnology Channel Arrays
1.1.2 Nanoparticles Of Platinum
1.1.3 Fuel Cell Nanotechnology Applications
1.1.4 Alternative Catalyst Solutions
1.1.5 Nano Metals And Alloys
1.2 Hydrogen Nano-scale Research
1.2.1 Hydrogen Fuel Cells
1.3 Portable Fuel Cell Power Digital Devices
1.3.1 Size of Prototype Laptop Fuel Cell
1.4 Fuel Cell Description
1.4.1 Fuel Cell Efficiency
1.4.2 Fuel Cell Electrochemical Converter — Clean Energy
1.4.3 DMFC Fuel Cells
1.4.4 DMFC Small Fuel Cells
1.4.5 Portable Fuel Cell Hours Of Operation And Power Degradation
1.4.6 Cathode Catalysts
1.4.7 Micro Fuel Cell Description
1.5 United States Has Approved The Use Of Some Micro Fuel Cells In Airplanes
1.5.1 Market Opportunity for Micro Fuel Cell Products
1.5.2 Military As A Micro Fuel Cell Target Market
1.5.3 Portable Fuel Cell Portable Medical Equipment
1.5.4 Portable Fuel Cell High End Laptop Computer Market
1.5.5 Portable Fuel Cell Consumer Electronics Portable Power Source
1.5.6 Portable Fuel Cell Laptop Computer Power Source
1.5.7 Mobile Life Fuel Cell Power
1.5.8 Persistent Computing Requires Extended Power
1.5.9 First Responders
1.5.10 Instant Recharge for Continuous Computing
1.5.11 RV Recreational Micro Fuel Cell Markets
1.6 Fuel Cell Fuel Distribution and Infrastructure
1.7 Approvals From The United Nations And Related Regulatory Organizations
1.7.1 Fuel Cells Compared to Rechargeable Batteries
2. PORTABLE FUEL CELL MARKET SHARES AND MARKET FORECASTS
2.1 Portable Fuel Cell Markets
2.1.1 Availability Of Fuel Cell Infrastructure
2.2 Portable Fuel Cell Market Shares
2.2.1 Toshiba Portege M200 Tablet PC Fuel Cells
2.2.2 Smart Fuel Cell Products and Markets
2.2.3 Horizon
2.2.4 Angstrom
2.3 Portable Fuel Cell Market Forecasts
2.3.1 Portable Light Duty Fuel Cell Device Market Forecasts
2.3.2 Portable Light Duty Fuel Cell Cartridge Market Forecasts
2.4 High End Mobile PC / Multimedia Devices
2.4.1 Enterprise Wireless Handset Markets
2.5 Portable Light Duty Fuel Cell Prices
2.5.1 Smart Fuel Cell EFOY
2.5.2 Fuel Cell Cartridges Approved For Commercial Aircraft
2.5.3 Fuel Cell Technology Decreases The Weight Soldiers Carry
2.6 Regional Energy Demand
2.6.1 United Kingdom Leader in Carbon Offset Initiatives
2.6.2 Germany
2.6.3 Japan
2.6.4 Military Uses Of Portable Light Duty Fuel Cells
3. PORTABLE FUEL CELL PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
3.1 Smart Fuel Cell
3.1.1 Smart Fuel Cell Products and Markets
3.1.2 Smart Fuel Cell Remote Traffic Systems
3.1.3 Smart Fuel Cell Reliable Outdoor Operation
3.1.4 Smart Fuel Cell Retail
3.1.5 Smart Fuel Cell EFOY Cartridges
3.2 Horizon
3.2.1 Horizon Fuel Cell Costs
3.2.2 Horizon Developing World Positioning
3.2.3 Horizon Fuel Cell
3.2.4 Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies / Corgi
3.3 Toshiba Portege M200 Tablet PC Fuel Cells
3.3.1 Toshiba Methanol Fuel Cell for Notebook PCs
3.4 Casio Laptop Fuel Cell
3.5 Samsung Multi Layered Hydrogen Fuel Cell
3.6 Poly Fuel
3.6.1 PolyFuel Cartridges Approved For Commercial Aircraft By Regulatory Agencies
3.6.2 PolyFuel Functional Prototype Of A Notebook PC Fuel Cell Power Supply
3.7 UltraCell Products
3.7.1 UltraCell XX25 MiTAC, General Dynamics and Panasonic Homeland Security
3.8 MTI Micro
3.8.1 MTI Micro Mobion® Portable Power
3.8.2 MTI Micro / Neosolar Co-Develop Mobion® Digital Devices For Consumers
3.8.3 MTI Micro Cord-Free Rechargeable Power Pack
3.8.4 MTI Micro Mobion® Chip
3.8.5 MTI Mobion® Advantage
3.8.6 MTI Pocket Fuel Cells
3.9 Tekion
3.9.1 Tekion Hybrid Fuel Cell Technology Combined With An Advanced Lithium Ion Battery Technology
3.10 Neah Power Systems
3.10.1 Neah Power Systems Military
3.10.2 Neah Power Systems Mobile Life
3.10.3 Neah Power Systems First Responders
3.10.4 Neah Power Systems Logistics
3.10.5 Neah Solution Silicon-Based Architecture
3.10.6 Neah Power Systems Water Vapor Captured In Cartridge
3.10.7 Neah Power Military Positioning
3.11 Masterflex
3.11.1 Masterflex Cargobike
3.11.2 Masterflex Fuel Cell Electric Bicycle
3.12 Angstrom Micro Hydrogen™ Systems for Portable Power
3.12.1 Angstrom Power Micro Hydrogen™ for Device Integration
3.12.2 Motorola Mobile Devices Working With Angstrom
3.12.3 International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) Regulations Permit Angstrom Power Devices To Be Transported In The Passenger Cabin Of Commercial Aircraft
3.12.4 Angstrom Power Run Time Impacts Rich Multimedia Devices
3.12.5 Angstrom Power Micro Hydrogen Fuel Cell Powered Bike Lights
3.12.6 Advantages of Angstrom Power Fuel Cell Hydrogen Refueling
3.12.7 Angstrom Power Hydrogen Storage In Metal Hydrides
3.12.8 Angstrom Power Fuel Cell Chemistry
3.12.9 Angstrom Power Refueling
3.12.10 Angstrom Benefits Of Micro Hydrogen™ Systems
3.12.11 Angstrom Micro Hydrogen Products
4. PORTABLE FUEL CELL TECHNOLOGY
4.1 Significant Progress In Development of Compact Portable Fuel Cell
4.2 Medis Portable Fuel Cell Underwriters’ Laboratories (UL) listing
4.3 Comparison of PEM Based Silicon Bed DMFC
4.4 Nanowire Battery Can Hold 10 Times The Charge Of Existing Lithium-Ion Battery
4.4.1 Silicon In A Battery Swells As It Absorbs Lithium Atoms
4.4.2 Neah Solution Silicon-Based Architecture
4.4.3 Neah Water Vapor Captured in Cartridge
4.4.4 Neah Silicon Pragmatic and Scalable
4.5 PEM Fuel Cells
4.6 Solvay
4.7 SGL Technologies
4.7.1 Sigracet® Fuel Cell Components
4.8 PolyFuel Engineered Membranes For Fuel Cells
4.8.1 Fluorocarbon Membranes Based Upon The Teflon® Polymer
4.8.2 Polyfuel Hydrogen Membrane
4.9 Fuel Cell Electrochemical Reaction
4.10 Organizations With Fuel Cell Information
4.10.1 SFC Energetic Revolution powered by Smart Fuel Cell
4.11 Clean And Silent Portable Fuel Cell Power Generation By Methanol
4.12 Storing Hydrogen
4.12.1 Sodium Borohydride Storing of Hydrogen
4.12.2 Borohydride Hydrogen Generation
4.12.3 International Electrotechnical Commission Forms Working Group
4.13 PolymerElectrolyte Membrane
4.14 Sodium Borohydride Chemical Power
4.15 Bacterial Enzymes Replacement For The Platinum Catalysts
4.16 Portable Applications
4.16.1 Fuel Cell Power Packs
4.16.2 PolyFuel Honeycomb Membrane
4.16.3 Portable Electronic Fuel Cell Devices
4.16.4 Marketing Limitation Of Hydrogen Gas Or Methanol Powered Fuel Cells
4.16.5 Hitachi Compact DMFC
4.16.6 NEC Compact DMFC
4.16.7 Toshiba’s DMFC
4.16.8 Toshiba Fuel Cell
5. PORTABLE FUEL CELL COMPANY PROFILES
5.1 Altair Nanomaterials
5.1.1 Altair Nanotechnologies Partners
5.1.2 Altair Nanotechnology Power and Energy Systems
5.1.3 Altair Nanotechnology Performance Materials Division
5.1.4 Altair Nanotechnology Life Sciences
5.1.5 Altair Nanotechnology Net Losses In Each Fiscal Year
5.1.6 AlSher Titania Joint Venture With Sherwin-Williams
5.1.7 Altair Nanotechnology BAE Systems
5.1.8 Altair Nanotechnologies Faster Recharging And Discharging
5.1.9 Altair Nanotechnologies Longer Battery Life
5.1.10 Altairnano
5.2 Angstrom Power
5.2.1 Angstrom Power Portable Fuel Cell Technology
5.3 Asahi Glass
5.3.1 Asahi Glass Financials
5.3.2 Asahi Glass Business Strategy
5.3.3 Asahi Glass Owners
5.4 Ballard
5.4.1 Ballard Fuel Cell Features & Benefits
5.4.2 Ballard Fuel Cell Japanese Residential Cogeneration Program
5.4.3 Ballard Product : Mark1030™
5.4.4 Ballard Improved Reliability
5.4.5 Ballard Bus Fuel Cell
5.4.6 Ballard Power Systems’ Second Quarter 2008 Revenue
5.5 BASF
5.5.1 BASF / E-TEK
5.5.2 BASF ETEK LT Series 12D MEA for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells.
5.6 Ceramic Fuel Cells
5.6.1 Ceramic Fuel Cells Volume Order Secured With Partner Nuon
5.6.2 Ceramic Fuel Cells Customers and Products
5.6.3 Ceramic Fuel Cells Regional Presence
5.7 Fuel Cell Components & Integrators
5.8 Gore
5.9 GrafTech International
5.10 Heliocentris Fuel Cells AG
5.11 Horizon
5.11.1 Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies Pte Ltd
5.11.2 Horizon Fuel Cell Bicycles
5.11.3 Horizon Fuel Cell Integrated To An Electric Bicycle
5.11.4 Horizon Light Duty Automotive
5.11.5 Horizon Supplying Multi-kW Fuel Cells
5.12 ICM Plastics
5.13 JMC / Tekion
5.13.1 Tekion Formira Hybrid Configuration
5.14 Johnson Matthey
5.15 Manhattan Scientifics
5.15.1 Manhattan Scientifics PortableFuel Cell
5.16 Masterflex AG
5.17 Medis Technologies
5.17.1 Medis Technologies Revenue
5.17.2 Medis Technologies Strategic Partners
5.17.3 Medis Technologies / Cell Kinetics
5.17.4 Medis / Founder Technology Group
5.17.5 Medis / Aspect and Tenzor MA
5.17.6 Medis / Israel Aerospace Industries
5.17.7 Medis Strategy
5.17.8 Medis General Dynamics C4 Systems
5.17.9 Medis Platform Technology Broadens Its Possibilities
5.18 Portablecell
5.19 Millennium Cell Liquidation Plan
5.19.1 Horizon Fuel Cell Technologies and Millennium Cell
5.19.2 Millennium Cell HydroPak™ Positioned As An Emergency Power Product
5.20 Mechanical Technology Incorporated (MTI)
5.20.1 MTI PortableFuel Cells
5.20.2 MTI Fourth Quarter And Year End Results
5.20.3 MTI Portable Commercialization In 2009 – Projected Design Freeze In December 2008
5.20.4 Mechanical Technology Incorporated Fourth Quarter Revenues
5.21 Neah
5.22 PolyFuel
5.22.1 PolyFuel Engineered Membranes
5.22.2 PolyFuel Engineered Membranes
5.22.3 PolyFuel Business, Products and Markets
5.22.4 PolyFuel Ultra-Thin 20-Portablen Version Of Its DMFC Membrane
5.22.5 PolyFuel Agreement With Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Limited,
5.22.2 PolyFuel Comprehensive Loss
5.22.7 PolyFuel Cash Used in Operations
5.22.8 PolyFuel Concentrates Resources On Reference System Design Program
5.23 Sanyo / Hoku Scientific
5.23.1 Hoku Scientific Customers
5.23.2 Suntech Purchases Shares of Hoku Scientific
5.23.3 Hoku Fuel Cells
5.24 SGL Technologies
5.24.1 SGL Technologies Financials
5.25 Smart Fuel Cells (SFC)
5.25.1 Smart Fuel Cells Automotive
5.25.2 Smart Fuel Cells Stationary
5.25.3 Smart Fuel Cells Positioning
5.25.4 SFC Sells 10,000th EFOY Fuel Cell
5.25.5 SFC EFOY Service Station In France.
5.25.6 SFC Financials
5.25.7 SFC Smart Fuel Cell Market and Technology Leader in Mobile Fuel Cells
5.25.8 SFC Fuel Cells In Use All Over The World
5.25.9 Electric Automotive Vehicle Smart Fuel Cell Battery Charger
5.26 Solvay
5.26.2 Solvay Financials
5.27 Tatung System Technologies
5.28 Toshiba
5.28.1 Toshiba America (TAI)
5.28.2 Toshiba Financials
5.28.3 Toshiba Mid Term Business Plan
5.28.2 Toshiba Financials
5.28.5 Toshiba Business Strategy
5.28.6 Toshiba Nuclear Energy Business
5.28.2 Toshiba Investors
5.28.2 Toshiba Partners
5.29 UltraCell
5.29.1 BASF Venture Capital / UltraCell
5.29.2 UltraCell Advanced Reformed Methanol Portable Fuel Cell
List of Tables and Figures
Figure ES-1
Nanotechnology Silicon-Based Architecture
Table ES-2
Portable Fuel Cell Market Driving Forces
Table ES-2 (Continued)
Portable Fuel Cell Market Driving Forces
Figure ES-3
Worldwide Portable Fuel Cell Market Shares,
First Three Quarters 2008
Figure ES-4
Horizon Bicycle vs. Auto Portable Fuel Cell Power Carbon Offset
Figure ES-5
Worldwide Portable Fuel Cell Market Forecasts, 2009-2015
Table 1-1
Fuel Cell Efficiency
Figure 1-2
Direct Methanol Fuel Cell
Table 1-3
Portable Power Market Strategy
Table 1-4
Portable Fuel Cell Product Benefits
Table 1-4 (Continued)
Portable Fuel Cell Product Benefits
Table 1-5
Military Micro Fuel Cell Target Markets
Table 1-6
Portable Fuel Cells Military Positioning
Table 1-7
Portable Fuel Cell Portable Medical Equipment
Demand Parameters
Table 1-8
Portable Fuel Cell Consumer Electronics Portable
Power Source Target Market
Table 2-1
Portable Fuel Cell Market Driving Forces
Table 2-1 (Continued)
Portable Fuel Cell Market Driving Forces
Table 2-2
Market Aspects For Micro Fuel Cells
Table 2-3
Micro Fuel Cell Technology Issues
Table 2-4
Portable Fuel Cell Market Issues
Table 2-4 (Continued)
Micro Fuel Cell Market Issues
Figure 2-5
Worldwide Portable Fuel Cell Market Shares,
First Three Quarters 2008
Figure 2-6
Worldwide Portable Fuel Cell Market Shares,
First Three Quarters 2008
Figure 2-7
Horizon Bicycle Small Portable Fuel Cell Power Systems
Figure 2-8
Horizon Bicycle Small Portable Fuel Cell Power Alternative System
Figure 2-9
Horizon Portable Fuel Cell Bicycle In Traffic
Figure 2-10
Horizon Three Wheel Covered Bicycle Portable
Fuel Cell Systems
Figure 2-11
Horizon Bicycle vs. Auto Portable Fuel Cell Power
Carbon Offset
Figure 2-12
Worldwide Portable Fuel Cell Market
Forecasts, 2009-2015
Figure 2-13
Worldwide Portable Fuel Cell Market
Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015
Figure 2-14
Worldwide Portable Fuel Cell Market Forecasts, Units,
2009-2015
Figure 2-15
Worldwide Portable Fuel Cell Cartridge
Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015
Figure 2-16
Worldwide Portable Fuel Cell Cartridges Market
Forecasts, Units, 2009-2015
Table 2-17
Factors Driving Mobile Handsets To Require Increasing
Amounts Of Power Consumption
Table 3-1
Smart EFOY Fuel Cell Ratings
Table 3-2
Smart EFOY Fuel Cell Features
Figure 3-3
Technical Data Of Smart Fuel Cell EFOY
Table 3-4
Smart Fuel Cell Applications
Figure 3-5
Smart Fuel Cell EFOY Cartridges
Table 3-6
Horizon Fuel Cell Positioning
Figure 3-7
Horizon Fuel Cell Applications
Figure 3-8
Horizon Fuel Cells and Very Small Vehicles
Figure 3-9
Horizon Fuel Cell Bicycle
Figure 3-10
Horizon Fuel Cell Bicycle Bar Version
Figure 3-11
Horizon Micro Fuel Cell Bicycle
Table 3-12
Hydrogen Economy On Smart Vehicles
Figure 3-13
Horizon Bicycle Fuel Cell / Automotive Carbon Offset Comparison
Figure 3-14
Casio Laptop Fuel Cell
Figure 3-15
Samsung Multi Layered Hydrogen Fuel Cell
Figure 3-16
MicroCell Sand Test
Figure 3-17
UltraCell Military Applications
Table 3-18
UltraCell XX25 Applications
Table 3-19
UltraCell XX25 Remote Surveillance Equipment Powered
Figure 3-20
UltraCEll Mobile Portable Fuel Cell
Table 3-21
MTI Micro Mobion® Portable Power Applications
Table 3-22
MTI Micro External Mobion® Power Sources
Figure 3-23
NeoSolar Seoul, Korea — Dr. James Y. Yu Holding A
Mobion® Chip And A Wibrain Ultra Mobile PC
Figure 3-24
MTI Micro’s Mobion® Chips
Table 3-25
MTI Micro Performance
Table 3-26
MTI Mobion® Advantages
Figure 3-27
MTI Pocket Fuel Cells
Figure 3-28
Neah Power Systems Military Packs
Figure 3-29
Neah Power Systems Mobile PC Uses
Figure 3-30
Neah Power Systems First Responder Uses
Figure 3-31
Neah Power Systems Logistics Uses
Figure 3-32
Neah Solution Silicon-Based Architecture
Figure 3-33
Neah Power Systems Comparative Size Silicon vs. Polymer
Figure 3-34
Neah Power Systems Honeycomb and Catalyst
Figure 3-35
Neah Power Fuel Cell Prototype Components
Figure 3-36
Neah Power Military Fuel Cells
Figure 3-37
Neah Power Systems
Figure 3-38
Neah Power Systems Basic Chemical Flows in
Silicon Based Porous Electrode
Figure 3-39
Neah Power Systems Manufacturing Infrastructure
Figure 3-40
Neah Power Systems Power Density
Table 3-41
Masterflex Development Focus
Table 3-42
Masterflex Development Positioning
Figure 3-43
Masterflex Power Box
Table 3-44
Masterflex Features
Figure 3-45
Masterflex Cargobike
Table 3-46
Masterflex Fuel Cell Advantages:
Figure 3-47
Masterflex Feul Cell Cargo Bicycle
Figure 3-48
FC-Pedelec – Electric Bicycle With Integrated PEM Fuel Cell
Table 3-49
Masterflex Fuel Cell Functions
Table 3-50
Angstrom Micro Hydrogen™ Portable Power Advantages
Figure 3-51
Angstrom Power Micro Hydrogen™ for Device Integration
Table 3-52
Angstrom Functions
Table 3-52 (Continued)
Angstrom Functions
Table 3-53
Angstrom Micro Hydrogen Products
Figure 3-54
Angstrom’s Micro Hydrogen™ Systems Components
Table 3-55
Angstrom’s Micro Hydrogen™ Systems Components
Figure 4-1
Comparison of PEM Based Silicon Bed DMFC
Figure 4-2
Neah Military Fuel Cell Reduces Weight
Figure 4-3
Neah Fuel and Electrolyte
Figure 4-4
Nanowire Battery Images
Figure 4-5
Neah Solution Silicon-Based Architecture
Figure 4-6
UltraCell PEM Fuel Cell Functioning
Figure 4-7
Sigracet® Fuel Cell Components
Figure 4-8
PolyFuel System Technology Peak Power Density
Table 4-9
Catalyst Layer, Membrane, and MEA Suppliers
Figure 4-10
PolyFuel System Architecture
Figure 4-11
PolyFuel System Development
Table 4-12
Major Developers of Portable Fuel Cells
Table 4-13
Portable Fuel Cell Key Portable Units
Figure 4-14
Key Auto Fuel Cell Engine Requirements
Map Directly To The Membrane
Table 4-15
Organizations with Fuel Cell Information
Table 4-16
SFC Fuel Cell Advantages
Figure 5-1
Altair Nanotechnologies Specific Energy and Specific Power
Table 5-2
Ballard Product Data Residential Cogeneration
Fuel Cell Power Module Description
Table 5-2 (Continued)
Ballard Product Data Residential Cogeneration
Fuel Cell Power Module Description
Figure 5-3
BASF Typical Performance of Hydrogen Air Single Cell Test
Figure 5-4
BASF ETEK Typical Performance of
Methanol Air Single Cell Test
Table 5-5
Horizon Strategic Positioning
Table 5-6
Horizon Fuel Cell Integrated Commercial Applications
Figure 5-7
Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells
Figure 5-8
Johnson Matthey Photon Exchange Membrane
Figure 5-9
Masterflex AG Hydrogen Based 50-Watt Fuel Cell
Figure 5-10
Masterflex AG Hydrogen Fuel Cell Core Business 2008
Table 5-11
Masterflex Focus
Figure 5-12
Neah Roadmap
Table 5-13
PolyFuel Collaboration Progress
Table 5-14
PolyFuel Portable Progress
Figure 5-15
PolyFuel Competitive Positioning
Table 5-16
PolyFuel Progress Toward Commercialization
Of Portable Fuel Cells
Table 5-16 (Continued)
PolyFuel Progress Toward Commercialization
Of Portable Fuel Cells
Figure 5-17
Smart Fuel Cell Automotive Battery Charger
Table 5-18
BASF Future Business Growth Clusters
 
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Nanotechnology In Healthcare: Market Outlook For Applications, Tools And Materials, And 40 Company Profiles-Aarkstore Enterprise

This report covers different regional application markets, while evaluating them over the next five years. It provides information about the largest regional markets and factors influencing them, while defining the opportunities they present.

Key features of this report

• •Provides an analysis of market data (revenues) of healthcare nanotechnology applications in North America, Europe, Asia and Rest of World that includes Middle East, Africa, Russia, Latin America and Australia.
• Studies key market drivers and restraints for the main market and evaluation of respective sub segments with respect to market dynamics.
• Discusses drug delivery and formulations, biocompatible implants, regenerative medicine and wound care and diagnostics under the applications market along with related sub segments.

Scope of this report

• Understanding the existing and emerging applications of healthcare nanotechnology and their relative and forecast market sizes
• Understanding the product/technological developments on which the companies are focusing for their growth.
• Understanding the different nanotechnology based tools and their importance in the development of new products and applications

Key Market Issues

• Nanotechnology initiatives by developing countries are helping in the development of new products and applications.
• The delay in commercialization due to strict regulations and manufacturing difficulties is inhibiting product reach.
• Stability of nanoparticles inside the biological tissues is an important issue to be considered to reduce contamination by drugs.
• The development of biodegradable nanostructures will be a growth driver in future since they eliminate the issue of excretion.

Key findings from this report

• The healthcare nanotechnology market growth is largest in North America, at $4.75bn in 2009, followed by Europe at $3.65.
• The nanotechnology drug delivery market is expected to grow at a CAGR of 21.7% for the period 2009-14, to reach almost $16bn by 2014.
• Biocompatible implants and coatings and diagnostics comprise some of the major applications which are estimated to experience high growth between 2009 and 2014, 42% and 21.8% respectively.

Key questions answered

• What are the important healthcare nanotechnology markets and their growth over the period 2009-14?
• What are the major applications that have emerged in different areas such as drug formulations and delivery, biocompatible implants and coatings, regenerative medicines and wound care and diagnostics?
• In which areas are the companies focusing while forming strategic alliances with other industry players?

Table of Contents
Nanotechnology in Healthcare
Executive summary 16
Market overview 16
Healthcare nanotechnology market dynamics 16
Nanomaterials & nanotools for the healthcare market 17
Healthcare nanotechnology application market 18
Company profiles 19
Chapter 1 Market overview 22
Summary 22
Introduction 23
Market definition 23
Healthcare nanotechnology business processes 24
Healthcare nanotechnology applications 24
Healthcare nanotechnology application prospects 25
Opportunity matrix 26
Challenge matrix 28
Patent analysis 29
Chapter 2 Healthcare nanotechnology market dynamics 34
Summary 34
Introduction 35
Regional markets 36
North America 37
Europe 38
Asia 38
RoW 39
Competitive landscape 39
R&D activities by applications 41
New product launches 42
Collaborations & agreements 43
Market drivers 56
Nanotechnology research initiatives in developing nations 56
Innovations are increasing 56
Reduced toxicity 56
Market inhibitors 57
Delay in commercialization 57
Stability and other issues 57
Need for particle evaluation 57
Chapter 3 Nanomaterials & nanotools for the healthcare market 60
Summary 60
Introduction 61
Nanomaterials 61
Nanocapsules 61
Drivers 61
Inhibitors 62
Opportunities 62
Nanoporous materials 63
Drivers 63
Opportunities 63
Quantum dots 63
Drivers 64
Inhibitors 64
Opportunities 64
Nanotubes 65
Drivers 65
Nanowires 65
Drivers 66
Inhibitors 66
Opportunities 66
Dendrimers 67
Drivers 67
Opportunities 68
Monoclonal antibodies 68
Drivers 68
Inhibitors 69
Opportunities 69
Nanocomposites 69
Fullerenes 70
Nanofilms 70
Drivers 71
Inhibitors 71
Opportunities 71
Nanotools 72
Nanoarrays 72
Drivers 72
Inhibitors 73
Opportunities 73
Nanobiochip 74
Drivers 74
Opportunities 75
Nanolithography arrays 75
Drivers 75
Inhibitors 76
Opportunities 76
Computer-assisted drug discovery 77
Nanomass spectrometry 77
Drivers 77
Inhibitors 78
Opportunities 78
Congruent Force Intermolecular Test (nanotype) C-FIT 78
Chapter 4 Healthcare nanotechnology application market 82
Summary 82
Introduction 83
Drug formulation and delivery 83
Formulation 84
Drivers 85
Inhibitors 86
Opportunities 86
Fluorescently encoded microparticles 86
Nanoparticulate formulation/systems 88
Fluoropolymers as material platforms for drug therapy 88
DNA nanoparticle technology to produce DNA drugs 89
Drug profiling using smart materials 90
Supercritical fluids and water based nanomaterials 91
Dendrimer nanotechnology products 92
Potential healthcare nanotechnology drug formulation application 93
Drug delivery 93
Drivers 94
Inhibitors 95
Opportunities 95
Nanoencapsulation using nano-device platform 96
Smart materials for encapsulation 97
Antimicrobial nanoencapsulation 98
Nanoscale cochlear drug delivery 99
Drug delivery using nanoparticles 99
Nanocrystals for drug delivery 102
Drug delivery coatings 103
Nanopores 103
Nanocomposites 104
Nanotransponders 105
Potential applications of healthcare nanotechnology drug delivery 105
Biocompatible implants and coatings 106
Drivers 108
Nanofibers fight immune response 108
Improvement in biocompatibility 108
Optimized coatings 108
Improvement in dental implants 108
Inhibitors 108
Improvement of implant depends upon coatings 108
Possibility of mass poisoning 109
Opportunities 109
Improved brain implants 109
Improvement in process for better coatings 109
Helpful in orthopedic devices 109
Surface modification 109
Device coating 110
Drivers 112
Inhibitors 112
Opportunities 112
Sol-gel coatings 113
Biocompatible nanocoatings 113
Nanoscale plasma coating 113
Light-activated antimicrobials 113
Silver nanoparticles 114
Hydrophobic coatings 114
Multifunctional coatings 114
Anti-fouling nanocoatings 114
Passive hydroxyapatite coating 115
Other protective coatings 115
Implants 116
Drivers 116
Opportunities 117
Potential biocompatible implants applications 117
Life support devices using novel biocompatible polymers 117
Stimulation electrodes using nanotechnology 117
Noninvasive killing of cancer cells using localized heat 118
Artificial vascular grafts 118
Bone graft substitutes 118
Regenerative medicine and wound care 118
Regenerative medicine/tissue engineering 119
Drivers 120
Inhibitors 121
Opportunities 121
Potential applications of regenerative medicines 123
Wound care 124
Drivers 124
Opportunities 125
Nanosilver gels 125
Nanogold gels 125
Diagnostics 126
Drivers 127
Improved bioassays 127
Earlier diagnosis and effective monitoring 127
Opportunities 127
Treatment of ovarian cancer 127
Development of immunoassays 128
Quantum dots applications 128
Nanoemulsions in multimodal molecular imaging and targeted therapeutics 128
Nanoparticles for biochemical applications 129
Magnetic nanoparticles for medical diagnostic imaging 129
Encapsulation of radioactive nanoparticle 129
Genome sequencing 129
Nanobiosensors 130
Nanoarray biochips 130
Silicon-based chips/sensors for pH and pressure 130
Micro- and nano-replication for point-of-use analytical applications 131
Nanocells 131
Redox enzymes 131
Other potential diagnostics applications 132
Smart card diagnostics 132
Novel microfluidic technologies 132
Chapter 5 Company profiles 134
Summary 134
Abraxis BioScience, Inc. 135
Company overview 135
Products and services 135
Company strategy 136
Access Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 137
Company overview 137
Products and services 137
Company strategy 138
AstraZeneca 138
Company overview 138
Products and services 139
Company strategy 139
AMAG Pharmaceuticals, Inc. 139
Company overview 139
Products and services 140
Company strategy 140
Aphios Corp. 140
Company overview 141
Products and services 141
Company strategy 142
Asklepios Biopharmaceutical Inc. 142
Company overview 143
Products and services 143
Company strategy 143
Capsulution Nanoscience AG 144
Company overview 144
Products and services 144
Company strategy 144
ConvaTec 145
Company overview 145
Products and services 145
Company strategy 146
Debiotech 146
Company overview 146
Products and services 146
Company strategy 147
Do-Coop Technologies Ltd. 147
Company overview 147
Products and services 147
Company strategy 148
Elan Corp. 148
Company overview 148
Products and services 148
Company strategy 149
Ferro Corp. 149
Company overview 149
Products and services 150
Company strategy 150
Flamel Technologies 150
Company overview 151
Products and services 151
Company strategy 151
GE Global Research 152
Company overview 152
Company strategy 152
GfE Medizintechnik GmbH 153
Company overview 153
Products and services 153
Company strategy 154
HemCon Medical Technologies, Inc. 154
Company overview 154
Company strategy 155
iCeutica Inc 155
Company overview 155
Products and services 156
Company strategy 156
Liquidia Technologies 157
Company overview 157
Company strategy 157
Luna Innovations Inc. 158
Company overview 158
Products and services 158
Company strategy 159
MagForce Nanotechnologies AG 159
Company overview 160
Products and services 160
Company strategy 161
Merck KGaA 161
Company overview 161
Products and services 162
Company strategy 162
MIV Therapeutics Inc 162
Company overview 163
Products and services 163
Company strategy 163
Nanomix 163
Company overview 164
Products and services 164
Company strategy 164
Nano Interface Technology, Inc 165
Company overview 165
Products and services 165
Company strategy 165
NanoCarrier Co., Ltd. 165
Company overview 166
Products and services 166
Company strategy 166
NanoDel Technologies 167
Company overview 167
Products and services 167
Company strategy 167
NanoHorizons Inc. 168
Company overview 168
Products and services 168
Company strategy 168
Nanoprobes, Inc. 169
Company overview 169
Products and services 169
Company strategy 169
Nanospectra Biosciences Inc. 170
Company overview 170
Products and services 170
Company strategy 170
Nanosphere, Inc. 171
Company overview 171
Products and services 171
Company strategy 172
Novartis AG 172
Company overview 173
Products and services 173
Company strategy 173
Pfizer 173
Company overview 173
Company strategy 174
PharmaSol GmbH 174
Company overview 174
Products and services 174
Company strategy 175
Pioneer Surgical Technology 175
Company overview 175
Products and services 175
Company strategy 176
pSivida 176
Company overview 176
Products and services 176
Company strategy 176
F. Hoffmann–La Roche Ltd. 177
Company overview 177
Products and services 177
Company strategy 177
Siemens Medical Solutions 178
Company overview 178
Products and services 179
Company strategy 179
Smith & Nephew 179
Company overview 179
Products and services 180
Company strategy 180
Starpharma Holdings Ltd. 181
Company overview 181
Products and services 181
Company strategy 182
T2 Biosystems Inc. 183
Company overview 183
Company strategy 183
Appendix 184
Patents 184
Glossary 218

List of Figures
Figure 1.1: Global healthcare nanotechnology market 23
Figure 1.2: Geographical patent share, 2003-08 30
Figure 1.3: Number of patents by region, 2003-09 30
Figure 1.4: Comparison of patent trends, 2004 vs 2009 31
Figure 2.5: Developmental strategies by major players, January 2007–November 2009 40
Figure 2.6: R&D activities by applications, Jan 2007–Nov 2009 41
Figure 2.7: New product launches, Jan 2007–Nov 2009 42
Figure 2.8: Collaborations & agreements by applications, Jan 2007–Nov2009 43
Figure 2.9: Relative importance of features of healthcare nanotechnology 58

List of Tables
Table 2.1: Global healthcare nanotech market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 37
Table 2.2: Mergers & acquisitions in healthcare nanotech market, 2007–09 44
Table 2.3: New product launches in healthcare nanotech market, 2007–09 45
Table 2.4: New product launches in healthcare nanotech market, 2007–09 (ctd) 46
Table 2.5: R&D in healthcare nanotech market, 2007–09 47
Table 2.6: R&D in healthcare nanotech market, 2007–09 (ctd 1) 48
Table 2.7: R&D in healthcare nanotech market, 2007–09 (ctd 2) 49
Table 2.8: R&D in healthcare nanotech market, 2007–09 (ctd 3) 50
Table 2.9: R&D in healthcare nanotech market, 2007–09 (ctd 4) 51
Table 2.10: R&D in healthcare nanotech market, 2007–09 (ctd 5) 52
Table 2.11: R&D in healthcare nanotech market, 2007–09 (ctd 6) 53
Table 2.12: Collaborations & agreements in healthcare nanotech market, 2007–09 54
Table 2.13: Collaborations & agreements in healthcare nanotech market, 2007–09 (ctd) 55
Table 4.14: Global healthcare nanotech drug formulation and delivery market, by product ($m), 2007–14 83
Table 4.15: Global healthcare nanotech drug formulation and delivery market, by geography ($m), 2007–14 84
Table 4.16: Global healthcare nanotechnology drug formulation market, by product ($m), 2007–14 85
Table 4.17: Global healthcare nanotech fluorescently encoded microparticles market, by geography ($m), 2007–14 87
Table 4.18: Global healthcare nanotech nanoparticulate formulation/systems market, by geography ($m), 2007–14 88
Table 4.19: Global healthcare nanotech fluoropolymers material platforms for drug therapy market, by geography ($m), 2007–14 89
Table 4.20: Global healthcare DNA nanoparticle technology to produce DNA drugs market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 90
Table 4.21: Global healthcare nanotech drug profiling using smart materials market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 91
Table 4.22: Global healthcare nanotech supercritical fluids and water based nanomaterials market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 91
Table 4.23: Global dendrimer nanotech products market by geography ($m), 2007-14 92
Table 4.24: Global healthcare nanotech drug delivery market by product ($m), 2007-14 94
Table 4.25: Global healthcare nanoencapsulation using nano-device platform market, by product ($m), 2007-14 96
Table 4.26: Global healthcare nanoencapsulation using nano-device platform market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 97
Table 4.27: Global market for smart materials encapsulating pharmaceuticals, by geography ($m), 2007-14 98
Table 4.28: Global healthcare nanotech antimicrobial nanoencapsulation, by geography ($m), 2007-14 98
Table 4.29: Global healthcare nanotech nanoscale cochlear drug delivery, by geography ($m), 2007-14 99
Table 4.30: Global healthcare nanotech drug delivery using nanoparticles market, by product ($m), 2007-14 100
Table 4.31: Global healthcare nanotech drug delivery using nanoparticles market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 100
Table 4.32: Global drug delivery using nanocrystals market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 102
Table 4.33: Global healthcare nanotech drug delivery coatings market, by geography ($m), 2007- 14 103
Table 4.34: Global healthcare nanopores market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 104
Table 4.35: Global healthcare nanocomposites market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 104
Table 4.36: Global healthcare nanotech nanotransponder market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 105
Table 4.37: Global healthcare nanotech biocompatible implants and coatings market, by products ($m), 2007-14 107
Table 4.38: Global healthcare nanotech biocompatible implants and coatings market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 107
Table 4.39: Global healthcare nanotech surface modification market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 110
Table 4.40: Global healthcare nanotech device coating market, by products ($m), 2007-14 111
Table 4.41: Global healthcare nanotech device coating market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 111
Table 4.42: Global healthcare nanotech implants market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 116
Table 4.43: Global healthcare nanotech regenerative medicine and wound care market, by products
($m), 2007-14 119
Table 4.44: Global healthcare nanotech regenerative medicine market, by product ($m), 2007-14 120
Table 4.45: Global healthcare nanotech wound care market, by products ($m), 2007-14 124
Table 4.46: Global healthcare nanotech diagnostics market, by products ($m), 2007-14 126
Table 4.47: Global healthcare nanotech diagnostics market, by geography ($m), 2007-14 127
Table 0.48: US patents 184
Table 0.49: US patents (ctd 1) 185
Table 0.50: US patents (ctd 2) 186
Table 0.51: US patents (ctd 3) 187
Table 0.52: US patents (ctd 4) 188
Table 0.53: US patents (ctd 5) 189
Table 0.54: US patents (ctd 6) 190
Table 0.55: US patents (ctd 7) 191
Table 0.56: US patents (ctd 192
Table 0.57: US patents (ctd 9) 193
Table 0.58: US patents (ctd 10) 194
Table 0.59: US patents (ctd 11) 195
Table 0.60: US patents (ctd 12) 196
Table 0.61: US patents (ctd 13) 197
Table 0.62: US patents (ctd 14) 198
Table 0.63: US patents (ctd 15) 199
Table 0.64: US patents (ctd 16) 200
Table 0.65: US patents (ctd 17) 201
Table 0.66: US patents (ctd 18) 202
Table 0.67: US patents (ctd 19) 203
Table 0.68: Europe patents 204
Table 0.69: Europe patents (ctd 1) 205
Table 0.70: Europe patents (ctd 2) 206
Table 0.71: Europe patents (ctd 3) 207
Table 0.72: Europe patents (ctd 4) 208
Table 0.73: Europe patents (ctd 5) 209
Table 0.74: Europe patents (ctd 6) 210
Table 0.75: Europe patents (ctd 7) 211
Table 0.76: Europe patents (ctd 212
Table 0.77: Europe patents (ctd 9) 213
Table 0.78: Europe patents (ctd 10) 214
Table 0.79: Europe patents (ctd 11) 215
Table 0.80: Japan patents 216
Table 0.81: Japan patents (ctd 1) 217
 
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Worldwide Nanotechnology Thin Film Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares Strategies, And Forecasts, 2009-2015-Aarkstore Enterprise

Worldwide nanotechnology thin film lithium-ion batteries are poised to achieve significant growth as units become more able to achieve deliver of power to electric vehicles efficiently. Less expensive lithium-ion batteries allow leveraging economies of scale and proliferation of devices into a wide range of applications. According to Susan Eustis, lead author of the study, “Economies of scale leverage the lithium-ion battery nanotechnology advances needed to make lithium-ion batteries competitive. Nanotechnology provided by lithium-ion research solves the issues poised by the need to store renewable energy. Lithium-ion batteries switch price reductions are poised to drive market adoption by making units affordable.”

Nanotechnology results obtained in the laboratory are being translated into commercial products. The processes of translating the nanotechnology science into thin film lithium ion batteries are anticipated to be ongoing. The breakthroughs of science in the laboratory have only begun to be translated into life outside the lab, with a long way to go in improving the functioning of the lithium-ion batteries. Unlike any other battery technology, thin film solid-state batteries show very high cycle life. Using very thin cathodes (0.05µm) batteries have been cycled in excess of 45,000 cycles with very limited loss in capacity. After 45,000 cycles, 95% of the original capacity remained.

Then there is the problem of translating the evolving technology into manufacturing process. What this means is that the market will be very dynamic, with the market leaders continuously being challenged by innovators, large and small that develop more cost efficient units. Systems integration and manufacturing capabilities have developed a broad family of high-power lithium-ion batteries and battery systems. A family of battery products, combined with strategic partner relationships in the transportation, electric grid services and portable power markets, position vendors to address these markets for lithium-ion batteries.

Electric Vehicles depend on design, development, manufacture, and support of advanced, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Batteries provide a combination of power, safety and life. Next-generation energy storage solutions are evolving as commercially available batteries. Lithium-ion batteries will play an increasingly important role in facilitating a shift toward cleaner forms of energy.

Innovative approaches to materials science and battery engineering are available from a large number of very significant companies — GE, Panasonic Sanyo / Matsushita Industrial Co., Ltd., NEC, Saft, Toshiba, BYD / Berkshire Hathaway, LG Chem, Altair Nanotechnologies, Samsung, Sony, A123 Systems with MIT technology, and Altair Nanotechnologies.

Markets for lithium-ion batteries at $911 million in 2008 are anticipated to reach $9.1 billion by 2015, growing in response to decreases in unit costs and increases. Lithiumion batteries used in cell phones and PCs, and in cordless power tools are proving the technology. Units are shipped into military markets and are used in satellites, proving the feasibility of systems. Small, lithium-ion prismatic batteries prove the feasibility of this technology. The large emerging markets are for hybrid and electric vehicles powered by renewable energy systems.

Report Methodology
This is the 399th report in a series of market research reports that provide forecasts in communications, telecommunications, the internet, computer, software, and telephone equipment. The project leaders take direct responsibility for writing and preparing each report. They have significant experience preparing industry studies. Forecasts are based on primary research and proprietary data bases. Forecasts reflect analysis of the market trends in the segment and related segments. Unit and dollar shipments are analyzed through consideration of dollar volume of each market participation in the segment. Market share analysis includes conversations with key customers of products, industry segment leaders, marketing directors, distributors, leading market participants, and companies seeking to develop measurable market share. Over 200 in-depth interviews are conducted for each report with a broad range of key participants and opinion leaders in the market segment.
 
 
  Table of Contents : 
Thin Film Lithium Ion Battery Executive Summary   ES-1

Worldwide Nanotechnology Thin Film Lithium-Ion

Battery Market Driving Forces  ES-1

Market Driving Forces  ES-2

Nanotechnology Forms the Base for Lithium-Ion Batteries  ES-7

Competitors  ES-7

Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares  ES-7

Lithium-Ion Battery Market Forecasts  ES-9

 

1. Thin Film Lithium Ion Battery

Market Description and Market Dynamics   1-1

1.1   Lithium-Ion Battery Target Markets  1-1

1.1.1    Project Better Place and the Renault-Nissan Alliance  1-2

1.1.2    Largest Target Market, The Transportation Industry  1-3

1.1.3    Electric Grid Services Market 1-4

1.1.4    Portable Power Market, Power Tools  1-5

1.2   Lithium-Ion Battery Technologies Transportation

Industry Target Market 1-7

1.3   Energy Storage For Grid Stabilization  1-11

1.3.1    Local Energy Storage Benefit For Utilities  1-12

1.4   Applications Require On-Printed Circuit

Board Battery Power  1-13

1.4.1    Thin-film vs. Printed Batteries  1-13

1.5   Smart Buildings  1-14

1.5.1    Permanent Power for Wireless Sensors  1-16

1.6   Battery Safety / Potential Hazards  1-17

1.7   Thin Film Solid-State Battery Construction  1-18

1.8   Battery Is Electrochemical Device  1-20

1.9   Battery Depends On Chemical Energy  1-21

1.9.1    Characteristics Of Battery Cells  1-21

1.9.2    Batteries Are Designed Differently For Various Applications  1-23

 

2. Thin Film Lithium Ion Battery Market

Shares and Market Forecasts   2-1

2.1   Worldwide Nanotechnology Thin Film Lithium-Ion

Battery Market Driving Forces  2-1

2.1.1    Market Driving Forces  2-2

2.1.2    Nanotechnology Forms the Base for Lithium-Ion Batteries  2-7

2.1.3    Competitors  2-7

2.2   Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares  2-7

2.2.1    ExxonMobil Affiliate in Japan / Tonen Chemical 2-10

2.3   Lithium-Ion Battery Market Forecasts  2-11

2.4   Electric Vehicle and Hybrid Vehicle Lithium-Ion

Battery Market Shares  2-14

2.4.1    BYD   2-16

2.4.2    Johnson Controls-Saft 2-16

2.4.3    Saft Battery Technologies  2-17

2.4.4    A123Systems 32 Series Automotive Class

Lithium Ion™ Cells: 2-17

2.4.5    NEC and Nissen  2-19

2.4.6    LG Chem   2-20

2.4.7    EnerDel 2-20

2.4.8    Competition  2-20

2.5   Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Lithium-Ion

Battery Market Forecasts  2-21

2.5.1    Largest Target Market, The Transportation Industry  2-25

Thin Film Advanced Lithium-Ion Battery EV Market 2-27

Thin Film Lithium-Ion And Lithium Polymer Automotive Batteries  2-27

2.6   Thin-Film and Printed Batteries: On-Board

Solutions for Low-Power Electronics  2-29

2.6.1    Solicore Tiny Flat Battery  2-31

2.6.2    Thin-Film, Organic, and Printed Batteries:

On-Board Solutions for Low-Power Electronics  2-32

2.7   Cell Phone, Communications, And PC Lithium-Ion

Battery Technology Markets Discussion  2-33

2.7.1    Samsung SDI  2-33

2.7.2    BYD   2-33

2.7.3    Saft 2-33

2.7.4    Portable Power Competition  2-34

2.8   Lithium-Ion Battery Technology Portable Power

Market, Power Tools Market Shares  2-34

2.8.1    A123 Systems  2-36

2.9   Lithium-Ion Battery Technology Portable Power,

Power Tools Market Forecasts  2-37

2.10     Lithium-Ion Battery Technology Electric

Grid Services Markets  2-40

2.10.1  Electric Grid Services  2-42

2.11     Thin Film Lithium-Ion Battery Market Positioning  2-43

2.11.1  US And Its Allies Are Changing The Military Landscape  2-48

2.12     Digital Device Battery Forecasts  2-51

 

3. Thin Film Lithium-Ion Battery Product Description   3-1

3.1   A123 Systems  3-1

3.1.1    A123 Systems Lithium Ion Cell Construction

Based On A Dual Plate Tubular Design  3-4

3.1.2    A123Systems 32 Series Automotive Class

Lithium Ion™ Cells: 3-5

3.1.3    GM and A123Systems Co-Develop

Lithium-Ion Battery Cell for Chevrolet Volt 3-11

3.1.4    A123Systems / GE Production Contract for

Norewegian Think Electric Vehicles  3-12

3.1.5    A123Systems Patent for Nanophosphate™

Lithium Ion Battery Technology  3-14

3.2   LG Chem   3-15

3.2.1    LG Lithium-Ion Cylindrical Battery  3-15

3.2.2    LG Lithium-ion Polymer Battery  3-15

3.2.3    LG Lithium-ion Battery Prismatic Type  3-17

3.2.4    LG Chem   3-17

3.3   SAFT   3-18

3.3.1    Saft Lithium-ion (Li-ion) Batteries  3-18

3.3.2    Saft is Li-ion Batteries For Commercial

GEO Satellites to JSC ISS of Russia  3-19

3.3.3    Saft Contract To Power Hybrid Electric Mobile

Utility Systems From Titan Energy Development 3-21

3.3.4    Saft and ABB Develop New High Voltage Li-ion

Battery System   3-22

3.3.5    Saft Hybrid Battery Technology for Wisconsin Clean Energy  3-24

3.3.6    Saft High-Energy Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) Batteries For Raytheon  3-25

3.3.7    Saft Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) Battery Backup Systems  3-25

3.3.8    Saft Energy Storage As A Key

Renewable Energy Enabling Technology  3-26

3.3.9    Saft / Solion Large Li-ion batteries  3-27

3.3.10  Saft Lithium-Sulfur Dioxide (Li-So2) Batteries  3-31

3.3.11  Saft Lithium Technologies  3-32

3.3.12  Saft Lithium-thionyl chloride (Li-SOCl2) 3-32

3.3.13  Lithium-thionyl chloride (Li-SOCl2) – LS/LST/LSG cell ranges  3-35

3.3.14  Saft Small LS/LST bobbin cells  3-36

3.3.15  Saft Large LS/T bobbin cells  3-38

3.3.16  Saft Lithium-Manganese Dioxide (Li-MnO2) 3-43

3.3.17  Saft Lithium-ion (Li-ion) 3-43

3.4   BYD   3-50

3.4.1    Warren Buffett Buys 10 Percent Stake In BYD

Chinese Battery Manufacturer 3-50

3.4.2    BYD Battery Expertise  3-52

3.5   Panasonic / Sanyo  3-53

3.6   Samsung  3-54

3.7   Ener1  / EnerDel 3-55

3.7.1    EnerDel Lithium-Ion Prismatic Design  3-56

3.7.2    EnerDel Addressing Market Demand for

Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) 3-56

3.7.3    EnerDel 5Amp Battery Pack  3-60

3.8   Imara  3-60

3.9   ExxonMobil Affiliate in Japan / Tonen Chemical 3-62

3.9.1    Tonen Chemical Leading Supplier Of Separators

For Lithium Ion Batteries  3-63

3.10     NEC   3-63

3.10.1  Nissan and NEC Group  3-64

3.10.2  Nissan And NEC Joint Venture  3-65

3.10.3  NEC High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

Employ A Compact Laminated Configuration  3-66

3.10.4  NEC / Nissan Low-Cost Lithium-Manganese Batteries  3-67

3.10.5  NEC Lamilion Energy  3-68

3.10.6  NEC Subaru  3-68

3.10.7  NEC Thin Film Battery Has Sixteen Modules

Consisting Of Twelve Cells, Serially Connected  3-69

3.10.8  NEC / Subaru Thin Film Battery Flat Shape  3-69

3.11     Sony  3-71

3.12     Matshushita Industrial Co., Ltd.  (Panasonic) 3-73

3.12.1  Panasonic Lithium Batteries  3-74

3.12.2  Panasonic Lithium-Ion Rechargeable Batteries  3-75

3.13     E-One Moli Energy  3-79

3.13.1  Product Data Sheets  3-81

3.14     QuantumSphere  3-82

3.15     Solicore Ultra Thin-Film Battery  3-84

3.15.1  Solicore’s Flexion Lithium Polymer Batteries  3-86

3.15.2  Solicore Flexion Lithium Powered Cards  3-87

3.15.3  Solicore RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Devices  3-89

3.15.4  Solicore’s Flexion® Batteries Bluechip Million Unit Purchase  3-90

3.15.5  Solicore Supports Smart Cards  3-91

3.16     Cymbet EnerChip™ Solid-State, Rechargeable

Thin-Film Batteries  3-92

3.16.1  Cymbet Enerchip™ Sensors Support 3-94

3.17     Front Edge Technology  3-95

3.18     Excellatron Thin-Film Micro-Batteries  3-95

3.18.1  Contrast To Conventional Lithium Cells  3-95

3.18.2  Excellatron Market Advantage  3-97

3.18.3  Excellatron Battery Current State of the Art 3-99

3.18.4  Excellatron Battery Intrinsically Safe  3-101

3.18.5  High Temperature Performance of

Excellatron Thin Film Batteries  3-101

3.18.6  Excellatron Long Cycle Life  3-109

3.18.7  Excellatron Polymer Film Substrate for Thin Flexible Profile  3-111

3.18.8  Excellatron Unique Proprietary Passivation

Barrier and Packaging Solution  3-113

3.19     Front Edge 50,000 Prototypes Of Nanoenergy Batteries  3-117

3.19.1  Front Edge Technology (FET) 3-117

3.20     Infinite Power Solutions (IPS) Flexible Thin-Film Batteries  3-127

3.20.1  Infinite Power Solutions  3-129

3.21     Oak Ridge Micro-Energy  3-130

3.21.1  Oak Ridge Micro-Energy Thin Film Batteries  3-132

3.22     Energizer  3-132

3.22.1  Energizer Holdings  3-133

3.23     Valence  3-134

3.23.1  PVI for Valence’s U-Charge(R) XP Energy Storage Systems  3-134

3.23.2  Valence Lithium Phosphate  3-135

3.23.3  Valence Lithium Phosphate Stability and Dependability  3-137

3.23.4  Valence Safety Focus  3-137

3.23.5  Valence Lithium Phosphate Alternative to Lead-Acid  3-138

3.23.6  Valence Lithium Phosphate Storage and Run-Time  3-138

3.23.7  Valence Lithium Phosphate Safety and Maintenance Free  3-138

3.24     ITN Energy Systems  3-139

3.24.1  ITN Intelligent Processing, Sensors, & Controls: 3-142

3.24.2  ITN Control: 3-144

3.24.3  ITN Sensors  3-147

3.24.4  ITN Unique Sensors: X-Ray Fluorescence And

Parallel Detection Spectroscopic Ellipsometer 3-148

3.25     ULVAC   3-159

3.26     Intersil 3-159

 

4. Thin Film Lithium Ion Battery Technology   4-1

4.1   Vendor Lithium-ion Battery Strategy  4-1

4.1.1    Rechargeable Lithium Batteries Characteristics  4-2

4.2   Challenges in Battery Design  4-3

4.2.1    Advanced Lithium-ion Batteries Requirements  4-7

4.3   Vendor Lithium-Ion Battery Positioning  4-8

4.3.1    High-Quality, Volume Manufacturing Facilities  4-10

4.4   Applications Of Lithium-Ion Batteries  4-11

4.5   Mobile Phone Industry  4-12

4.5.1    Nanowires  4-13

4.5.2    Thin Film Battery Enabling Chemistries  4-13

4.5.3    The Cathodes  4-14

4.5.4    Solid State Devices Provide More Energy Density  4-14

4.6   Advantages of Lithium-Ion Batteries  4-15

4.6.1    Lithium-Ion Battery Shortcomings  4-18

4.6.2    Charging  4-19

4.6.3    Applications  4-19

4.6.4    Costs  4-20

4.7   Lithium Cell Chemistry Variants  4-20

4.7.1    Lithium-ion  4-21

4.7.2    Lithium-ion Polymer 4-22

4.7.3    Other Lithium Cathode Chemistry Variants  4-23

4.7.4    Lithium Cobalt LiCoO2  4-23

4.7.5    Lithium Manganese LiMn2O4  4-23

4.7.6    Lithium Nickel LiNiO2  4-24

4.7.7    Lithium (NCM) Nickel Cobal Manganese – Li(NiCoMn)O2  4-24

4.7.8    Lithium Iron Phosphate LiFePO4  4-24

4.8   Operating Performance Of The Cell Can Be Tuned  4-25

4.9   Lithium Metal Polymer  4-26

4.9.1    Lithium Sulphur Li2S8  4-26

4.9.2    Alternative Anode Chemistry  4-26

4.10     ExxonMobil affiliate, Tonen Chemical

Polyethylene-Based, Porous Film   4-27

4.11     Cymbet Alternate Manufacturing  4-27

4.12     Thin-Film Batteries Packaging  4-27

4.13     ITN Energy Systems Fibrous Substrates, PowerFiber  4-28

4.13.1  ITN Sensors  4-31

4.14     Cell Construction  4-32

4.15     Impact Of Nanotechnology  4-33

4.16     Thin Film Batteries  4-34

4.16.1  Thin Film Battery Timescales and Costs  4-37

4.16.2  High Power And Energy Density  4-37

4.16.3  High Rate Capability  4-38

4.17     Comparison Of Rechargeable Battery Performance  4-39

4.18     Polymer Film Substrate  4-45

4.19     Micro Battery Solid Electrolyte  4-46

 

5.1  Nanotechnology Thin Film Battery Lithium-Ion Company Profiles   5-1

5.1   Nanotechnology Thin Film Battery Lithium-Ion  5-1

5.2   A123 Systems  5-1

5.2.1    A123 Systems Revenue  5-1

5.2.2    A123Systems Registration Statement for Initial Public Offering  5-2

5.2.3    A123 Systems Batteries Benefits  5-2

5.2.4    A123 Systems Competitive Advantage  5-4

5.2.5    A123 Systems Strategy  5-7

5.2.6    A123Systems and GE   5-8

5.2.7    A123 Acquisition of Hymotion  5-9

5.2.8    Procter & Gamble Duracell and A123 Systems Collaborate  5-10

5.2.9    Cobasys and A123 Systems  5-10

5.3   Advanced Cerametrics  5-11

5.4   Altair Nanotechnologies  5-12

5.4.1    Altair Nanotechnologies Power and Energy Group  5-12

5.4.2    Altair Nanotechnologies Performance Materials Division  5-12

5.4.3    Altair Nanotechnologies Life Sciences Division  5-14

5.4.4    Altair Nanotechnologies One-Megawatt Battery

System Available for Commercial Operation by AES

Energy Storage, LLC   5-14

5.4.5    Altair Nanotechnologies Revenues  5-15

5.5   Applied Data  5-16

5.6   Bekaert 5-16

5.7   Robert Bosch GmbH   5-17

5.8   Boston Power / Sonata  5-17

5.9   BYD   5-21

5.9.1    Warren Buffett Buys 10 Percent Stake In BYD

Chinese Battery Manufacturer 5-21

5.10     Cymbet 5-23

5.10.1  Cymbet Thin-Film, Solid-State Battery Technology  5-23

5.10.2  Cymbet and ANT Wireless Sensor Network  5-23

5.10.3  Garmin International ANT™ Wireless Network  5-25

5.11     Dow   5-25

5.12     E-One Moli Energy Group  5-26

5.13     Ener1  5-27

5.13.1  Ener1 Third Quarter 2008 Revenue  5-27

5.13.2  Ener1 Positioning Technology Originally

Pioneered By Argonne National Lab  5-30

5.13.3  Ener1 Acquires Enertech Leading Korean

Lithium-ion Battery Cell Producer 5-31

5.13.4  Ener1 / Enertech Specializes In Producing

Large Format Flat (“Prismatic”) Cells  5-32

5.13.5  EnerDel Operations  5-34

5.14     Energizer  5-39

5.15     Excellatron  5-44

5.16     Exon  5-45

5.16.1  ExxonMobil Chemical / Tonen Chemical Corporation  5-46

5.17     Front Edge Technology (FET) 5-47

5.18     GE   5-47

5.18.1  GE Global Research  5-48

5.18.2  GE Energy Financial Services  5-48

5.19     GM    5-48

5.19.1  General Motors Faces Bankruptcy  5-50

5.20     Ignite  5-51

5.21     IPS  5-51

5.22     Johnson Controls-Saft 5-52

5.23     KSW Microtec  5-52

5.24     LG Petrochemical 5-53

5.24.1  LG Chem   5-54

5.25     MMT Funds  5-54

5.26     NEC   5-54

5.26.1  Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., NEC, And Subsidiary

NEC TOKIN Joint-Venture Company – Automotive

Energy Supply Corporation (AESC) – 5-55

5.26.2  First Commercial Application For AESC’s Li-Ion Batteries  5-57

5.26.3  NEC TOKIN Lithium-Manganese Electrodes by 2009  5-59

5.26.4  Nissan Partnership With NEC   5-59

5.26.5  NEC Lamilion Energy  5-60

5.27     Oak Ridge Micro-Energy  5-60

5.28     Panasonic / Sanyo  5-61

5.29     QuantumSphere  5-63

5.30     Saft 5-64

5.30.1  Saft Battery Technologies  5-66

5.30.2  Saft Industrial Battery Group (IBG) 5-68

5.30.3  Saft Specialty Battery Group (SBG) 5-69

5.30.4  Saft Rechargeable Battery Systems (RBS) 5-71

5.30.5  Saft Research and Development 5-71

5.30.6  Johnson Controls-Saft United States Advanced

Battery Consortium (USABC) 5-72

5.31     Samsung  5-73

5.32     Solicore  5-73

5.32.1  Solicore’s Flexion® Batteries Bluechip Million Unit Purchase  5-74

5.32.2  Solicore Embedded Power Solutions  5-75

5.33     Think  5-75

5.34     Valence  5-76

5.34.1  Valence Strategy  5-77

5.34.2  Phases Of Valence Business Strategy  5-78

5.35     Ulvac  5-80

 

Tables and Figures
Table ES-1  ES-4

Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces 

Table ES-2  ES-6

Energy Advantages Of Thin-Film Batteries 

Figure ES-3  ES-8

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

Figure ES-4  ES-10

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015 

 

Table 1-1  1-3

Principal Features Used To Compare Rechargeable Batteries 

Figure 1-2  1-8

BMW’s Mini E Electric Car Powered By A Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Battery 

Table 1-3  1-9

Examples of Hybrid Electric Vehicles 

Figure 1-4  1-19

Typical Structure Of A Thin Film Solid State Battery 

Table 1-5  1-22

Characteristics Of Battery Cells 

 

Table 2-1  2-4

Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces 

Table 2-2  2-6

Energy Advantages Of Thin-Film Batteries 

Figure 2-3  2-8

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

Table 2-4  2-9

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

Figure 2-5  2-12

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-6  2-13

Worldwide Lithium-Ion and Advanced Lithium-ion

Battery Market Forecasts,  Automotive, Power Tools,

Electric Grid, and PC Card,  Dollars, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-7  2-14

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Automotive Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

Figure 2-8  2-15

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Automotive Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

 

Figure 2-9  2-21

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-10  2-22

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Units, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-11  2-23

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Units and Dollars, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-12  2-30

Worldwide PC Card On Board Lithium-Ion Batteries 

Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-13  2-35

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Cordless Tool Advanced Battery Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

Table 2-14  2-36

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Cordless Tool Advanced Battery Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

Figure 2-15  2-38

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Battery Portable Power

Tool and Advanced Portable Battery Shipments,

Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-16  2-41

Worldwide Electric Grid Lithium-Ion Battery

Storage Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015 

Table 2-17  2-45

Commercialization Challenges Of The Automotive,

Truck, and Bus Thin Film Battery Industry 

Table 2-18  2-47

Integrated Thin Film Battery Personal Transport

Power Systems 

Table 2-19  2-49

Requirements For Advanced Power Sources In A

Variety Of Military Applications 

Table 2-20  2-50

Large-Format Lithium-Ion Battery Key Advantages 

Table 2-20 (Continued) 2-51

Large-Format Lithium-Ion Battery Key Advantages 

 

Figure 3-1  3-2

A123 Systems Lithium Ion Battery 

Table 3-2  3-3

A123 Systems APR18650M1 Features 

Figure 3-3  3-4

A123 Systems lithium ion battery Cells: 26650 

Figure 3-4  3-5

A123 Cells: 32 Series 

Figure 3-5  3-7

A123 Systems Hybrid Characteristics 

Figure 3-6  3-8

A123 Systems Hybrid Discharge Characteristics 

 

Table 3-7  3-9

A123 Systems Benefits…

Table 3-8  3-10

A123 Systems Heavy Duty Custom and Standard Solutions 

Figure 3-9  3-16

LG Chem Lithium-Ion Batteries 

Table 3-10  3-32

Saft Lithium Technologies 

Table 3-11  3-33

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Main applications 

Table 3-11  (Continued) 3-34

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Main applications 

Figure 3-12  3-35

Saft Non Rechargeable Battery 

Table 3-13  3-39

Saft Lithium-Ion Construction Features 

Table 3-14  3-40

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Benefits 

Figure 3-15  3-42

Saft Lithium-Sulfur Dioxide (Li-SO2) Batteries 

Table 3-16  3-44

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Variations 

Table 3-16  (Continued) 3-45

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Variations 

Table 3-16  (Continued) 3-46

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Variations 

Table 3-16  (Continued) 3-47

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Variations 

Table 3-16  (Continued) 3-48

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Variations 

Table 3-16  (Continued) 3-49

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Variations 

Figure 3-17  3-57

EnerDel Automotive Battery 

Table 3-18  3-58

EnerDel Lithium Ion Battery System for HEVs 

Table 3-19  3-59

EnerDel Automotive Battery Features 

Table 3-20  3-60

Imara Thin Film Battery Cells 

Figure 3-21  3-65

NEC Fuel Cells and Catalysts 

Table 3-22  3-72

Key Features of Sony NP-FP71 Hybrid Lithium Ion

Rechargeable Battery 

Table 3-22  (Continued) 3-73

Key Features of Sony NP-FP71 Hybrid Lithium Ion

Rechargeable Battery 

Figure 3-23  3-74

Panasonic Lithium Batteries 

Figure 3-24  3-75

Panasonic Lithium-Ion Rechargable Batteries 

Table 3-25  3-76

Panasonic Rechargeable Lithium ion Batteries Features:

Table 3-26  3-76

Panasonic Rechargeable Lithium ion Batteries 

Table 3-27  3-77

Panasonic Rechargeable Lithium ion Batteries 

Table 3-28  3-85

Solicore Flexion Battery Product Features:

Table 3-29  3-86

Solicore’s Flexion Lithium Polymer Battery Applications 

Table 3-30  3-87

Solicore’s Flexion Lithium Polymer Battery Uses 

Figure 3-31  3-88

Solicore Flexion High Temperature Batteries Survive Lamination 

Table 3-31A   3-89

Solicore RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Applications 

Table 3-32  3-96

Excellatron Nanotechnology Thin Film Battery Features 

Table 3-33  3-97

Excellatron Battery Advantages 

Table 3-34  3-99

Excellatron Battery Thin Film Solid State Battery Components 

Figure 3-35  3-102

Excellatron Thin Film Battery Charge/Discharge Profile at 25ºC.

Figure 3-36  3-103

Excellatron Thin Film Battery Charge/Discharge

Profile At 150ºC.

Figure 3-37  3-104

Excellatron High Temperature (150ºC) Charge And

Discharge Capacity 

Figure 3-38  3-106

Excellatron Capacity And Resistance Of Thin Film Battery

As A Function Of Temperature 

Figure 3-39  3-106

Excellatron’s Battery (0.1 mAh) Discharged By A 100 mA

Pulse at 80ºC.

Figure 3-40  3-108

Excellatron High Rate Pulse Discharge 

Figure 3-41  3-109

Long Term Cyclability Of A Thin Film Solid State Battery 

Figure 3-42: 3-110

Excellatron Thin Film Battery Long Term Cyclability 

Figure 3-43  3-111

Discharge Capacity Of Several Typical Cathode Materials 

Figure 3-44: 3-112

Excellatron Thin film batteries deposited on a thin polymer substrate.

Figure 3-45  3-114

Excellatron Proprietary Passivation Barrier and Packaging 

Table 3-46  3-115

Comparison Of Battery Performances 

Figure 3-47  3-131

Oak Ridge Construction of a Thin Film Battery 

Table 3-48  3-136

Key Features of Valence Lithium Phosphate Technology 

Table 3-49  3-139

ITN Commercial Markets:

Figure 3-50  3-140

ITN Thin Film Battery:

Table 3-51  3-141

ITN Thin Film Battery Design Features/Advantages 

Table 3-52  3-142

ITN Thin Film Battery Economical production 

Table 3-53  3-143

ITN Thin Film Battery Strengths 

Figure 3-54  3-145

ITN Intelligent Process Control

Figure 3-55  3-146

Framework of Intelligent Processing of Materials 

Figure 3-56  3-149

XRF Instrument Developed by ITN Used on a System  

Figure 3-57  3-150

Thin Film Deposition 

Figure 3- 58  3-150

ITP Thin-film Process 

Table 3-59  3-151

Thin-film Process Capabilities 

Table 3-60  3-152

ITNThin-film Material Processing Experience Metals 

 

Table 4-1  4-4

Challenges in Lithium-ion Battery Design 

Table 4-2  4-35

Thin Film Battery Unique Properties 

Table 4-3  4-38

Comparison of battery performances 

Table 4-4  4-40

Comparison of battery performances 

Table 4-5  4-42

Thin Films For Advanced Batteries 

Table 4-6  4-43

Thin Film Batteries Technology 

Table 4-7  4-44

Thin Film Battery / Lithium Air Batteries Applications 

Figure 4-8  4-45

Polymer Film Substrate Thin Flexible battery Profiles 

Figure 4-9  4-46

Design Alternatives of Thin Film Rechargable Batteries 

 

Table 5-1  5-3

A123 Systems Batteries Benefits 

Table 5-2  5-5

A123 Systems Competitive Positioning 

Table 5-2  (Continued) 5-6

A123 Systems Competitive Positioning 

Table 5-2  (Continued) 5-7

A123 Systems Competitive Positioning 

Figure 5-3  5-19

Boston-Power Charge Curve 

 

Figure 5-4  5-20

Boston-Power Discharge Curve 

Figure 5-5  5-35

EnerDel Operations 

Figure 5-6  5-36

EnerDel Lithium Power Systems 

Figure 5-7  5-37

EnerDel Lithium Power USABC Contracts 

Figure 5-8  5-38

EnerDel Lithium Power Think Projct

Figure 5-9  5-63

Sanyo Battery Targets 2020 

Figure 5-10  5-65

Saft Sales Segments Half 1, 2008 

Figure 5-11  5-67

Saft Revenue H1 2008 

Figure 5-12  5-81

Ulvac Vacuum Pumps, Gauges, and Valves
 
 

Worldwide nanotechnology thin film lithium-ion batteries are poised to achieve significant growth as units become more able to achieve deliver of power to electric vehicles efficiently. Less expensive lithium-ion batteries allow leveraging economies of scale and proliferation of devices into a wide range of applications. According to Susan Eustis, lead author of the study, “Economies of scale leverage the lithium-ion battery nanotechnology advances needed to make lithium-ion batteries competitive. Nanotechnology provided by lithium-ion research solves the issues poised by the need to store renewable energy. Lithium-ion batteries switch price reductions are poised to drive market adoption by making units affordable.”

Nanotechnology results obtained in the laboratory are being translated into commercial products. The processes of translating the nanotechnology science into thin film lithium ion batteries are anticipated to be ongoing. The breakthroughs of science in the laboratory have only begun to be translated into life outside the lab, with a long way to go in improving the functioning of the lithium-ion batteries. Unlike any other battery technology, thin film solid-state batteries show very high cycle life. Using very thin cathodes (0.05µm) batteries have been cycled in excess of 45,000 cycles with very limited loss in capacity. After 45,000 cycles, 95% of the original capacity remained.

Then there is the problem of translating the evolving technology into manufacturing process. What this means is that the market will be very dynamic, with the market leaders continuously being challenged by innovators, large and small that develop more cost efficient units. Systems integration and manufacturing capabilities have developed a broad family of high-power lithium-ion batteries and battery systems. A family of battery products, combined with strategic partner relationships in the transportation, electric grid services and portable power markets, position vendors to address these markets for lithium-ion batteries.

Electric Vehicles depend on design, development, manufacture, and support of advanced, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Batteries provide a combination of power, safety and life. Next-generation energy storage solutions are evolving as commercially available batteries. Lithium-ion batteries will play an increasingly important role in facilitating a shift toward cleaner forms of energy.

Innovative approaches to materials science and battery engineering are available from a large number of very significant companies — GE, Panasonic Sanyo / Matsushita Industrial Co., Ltd., NEC, Saft, Toshiba, BYD / Berkshire Hathaway, LG Chem, Altair Nanotechnologies, Samsung, Sony, A123 Systems with MIT technology, and Altair Nanotechnologies.

Markets for lithium-ion batteries at $911 million in 2008 are anticipated to reach $9.1 billion by 2015, growing in response to decreases in unit costs and increases. Lithiumion batteries used in cell phones and PCs, and in cordless power tools are proving the technology. Units are shipped into military markets and are used in satellites, proving the feasibility of systems. Small, lithium-ion prismatic batteries prove the feasibility of this technology. The large emerging markets are for hybrid and electric vehicles powered by renewable energy systems.

Report Methodology
This is the 399th report in a series of market research reports that provide forecasts in communications, telecommunications, the internet, computer, software, and telephone equipment. The project leaders take direct responsibility for writing and preparing each report. They have significant experience preparing industry studies. Forecasts are based on primary research and proprietary data bases. Forecasts reflect analysis of the market trends in the segment and related segments. Unit and dollar shipments are analyzed through consideration of dollar volume of each market participation in the segment. Market share analysis includes conversations with key customers of products, industry segment leaders, marketing directors, distributors, leading market participants, and companies seeking to develop measurable market share. Over 200 in-depth interviews are conducted for each report with a broad range of key participants and opinion leaders in the market segment.
 
 
  Table of Contents : 
Thin Film Lithium Ion Battery Executive Summary   ES-1

Worldwide Nanotechnology Thin Film Lithium-Ion

Battery Market Driving Forces  ES-1

Market Driving Forces  ES-2

Nanotechnology Forms the Base for Lithium-Ion Batteries  ES-7

Competitors  ES-7

Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares  ES-7

Lithium-Ion Battery Market Forecasts  ES-9

 

1. Thin Film Lithium Ion Battery

Market Description and Market Dynamics   1-1

1.1   Lithium-Ion Battery Target Markets  1-1

1.1.1    Project Better Place and the Renault-Nissan Alliance  1-2

1.1.2    Largest Target Market, The Transportation Industry  1-3

1.1.3    Electric Grid Services Market 1-4

1.1.4    Portable Power Market, Power Tools  1-5

1.2   Lithium-Ion Battery Technologies Transportation

Industry Target Market 1-7

1.3   Energy Storage For Grid Stabilization  1-11

1.3.1    Local Energy Storage Benefit For Utilities  1-12

1.4   Applications Require On-Printed Circuit

Board Battery Power  1-13

1.4.1    Thin-film vs. Printed Batteries  1-13

1.5   Smart Buildings  1-14

1.5.1    Permanent Power for Wireless Sensors  1-16

1.6   Battery Safety / Potential Hazards  1-17

1.7   Thin Film Solid-State Battery Construction  1-18

1.8   Battery Is Electrochemical Device  1-20

1.9   Battery Depends On Chemical Energy  1-21

1.9.1    Characteristics Of Battery Cells  1-21

1.9.2    Batteries Are Designed Differently For Various Applications  1-23

 

2. Thin Film Lithium Ion Battery Market

Shares and Market Forecasts   2-1

2.1   Worldwide Nanotechnology Thin Film Lithium-Ion

Battery Market Driving Forces  2-1

2.1.1    Market Driving Forces  2-2

2.1.2    Nanotechnology Forms the Base for Lithium-Ion Batteries  2-7

2.1.3    Competitors  2-7

2.2   Lithium-Ion Battery Market Shares  2-7

2.2.1    ExxonMobil Affiliate in Japan / Tonen Chemical 2-10

2.3   Lithium-Ion Battery Market Forecasts  2-11

2.4   Electric Vehicle and Hybrid Vehicle Lithium-Ion

Battery Market Shares  2-14

2.4.1    BYD   2-16

2.4.2    Johnson Controls-Saft 2-16

2.4.3    Saft Battery Technologies  2-17

2.4.4    A123Systems 32 Series Automotive Class

Lithium Ion™ Cells: 2-17

2.4.5    NEC and Nissen  2-19

2.4.6    LG Chem   2-20

2.4.7    EnerDel 2-20

2.4.8    Competition  2-20

2.5   Electric and Hybrid Vehicle Lithium-Ion

Battery Market Forecasts  2-21

2.5.1    Largest Target Market, The Transportation Industry  2-25

Thin Film Advanced Lithium-Ion Battery EV Market 2-27

Thin Film Lithium-Ion And Lithium Polymer Automotive Batteries  2-27

2.6   Thin-Film and Printed Batteries: On-Board

Solutions for Low-Power Electronics  2-29

2.6.1    Solicore Tiny Flat Battery  2-31

2.6.2    Thin-Film, Organic, and Printed Batteries:

On-Board Solutions for Low-Power Electronics  2-32

2.7   Cell Phone, Communications, And PC Lithium-Ion

Battery Technology Markets Discussion  2-33

2.7.1    Samsung SDI  2-33

2.7.2    BYD   2-33

2.7.3    Saft 2-33

2.7.4    Portable Power Competition  2-34

2.8   Lithium-Ion Battery Technology Portable Power

Market, Power Tools Market Shares  2-34

2.8.1    A123 Systems  2-36

2.9   Lithium-Ion Battery Technology Portable Power,

Power Tools Market Forecasts  2-37

2.10     Lithium-Ion Battery Technology Electric

Grid Services Markets  2-40

2.10.1  Electric Grid Services  2-42

2.11     Thin Film Lithium-Ion Battery Market Positioning  2-43

2.11.1  US And Its Allies Are Changing The Military Landscape  2-48

2.12     Digital Device Battery Forecasts  2-51

 

3. Thin Film Lithium-Ion Battery Product Description   3-1

3.1   A123 Systems  3-1

3.1.1    A123 Systems Lithium Ion Cell Construction

Based On A Dual Plate Tubular Design  3-4

3.1.2    A123Systems 32 Series Automotive Class

Lithium Ion™ Cells: 3-5

3.1.3    GM and A123Systems Co-Develop

Lithium-Ion Battery Cell for Chevrolet Volt 3-11

3.1.4    A123Systems / GE Production Contract for

Norewegian Think Electric Vehicles  3-12

3.1.5    A123Systems Patent for Nanophosphate™

Lithium Ion Battery Technology  3-14

3.2   LG Chem   3-15

3.2.1    LG Lithium-Ion Cylindrical Battery  3-15

3.2.2    LG Lithium-ion Polymer Battery  3-15

3.2.3    LG Lithium-ion Battery Prismatic Type  3-17

3.2.4    LG Chem   3-17

3.3   SAFT   3-18

3.3.1    Saft Lithium-ion (Li-ion) Batteries  3-18

3.3.2    Saft is Li-ion Batteries For Commercial

GEO Satellites to JSC ISS of Russia  3-19

3.3.3    Saft Contract To Power Hybrid Electric Mobile

Utility Systems From Titan Energy Development 3-21

3.3.4    Saft and ABB Develop New High Voltage Li-ion

Battery System   3-22

3.3.5    Saft Hybrid Battery Technology for Wisconsin Clean Energy  3-24

3.3.6    Saft High-Energy Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) Batteries For Raytheon  3-25

3.3.7    Saft Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) Battery Backup Systems  3-25

3.3.8    Saft Energy Storage As A Key

Renewable Energy Enabling Technology  3-26

3.3.9    Saft / Solion Large Li-ion batteries  3-27

3.3.10  Saft Lithium-Sulfur Dioxide (Li-So2) Batteries  3-31

3.3.11  Saft Lithium Technologies  3-32

3.3.12  Saft Lithium-thionyl chloride (Li-SOCl2) 3-32

3.3.13  Lithium-thionyl chloride (Li-SOCl2) – LS/LST/LSG cell ranges  3-35

3.3.14  Saft Small LS/LST bobbin cells  3-36

3.3.15  Saft Large LS/T bobbin cells  3-38

3.3.16  Saft Lithium-Manganese Dioxide (Li-MnO2) 3-43

3.3.17  Saft Lithium-ion (Li-ion) 3-43

3.4   BYD   3-50

3.4.1    Warren Buffett Buys 10 Percent Stake In BYD

Chinese Battery Manufacturer 3-50

3.4.2    BYD Battery Expertise  3-52

3.5   Panasonic / Sanyo  3-53

3.6   Samsung  3-54

3.7   Ener1  / EnerDel 3-55

3.7.1    EnerDel Lithium-Ion Prismatic Design  3-56

3.7.2    EnerDel Addressing Market Demand for

Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) 3-56

3.7.3    EnerDel 5Amp Battery Pack  3-60

3.8   Imara  3-60

3.9   ExxonMobil Affiliate in Japan / Tonen Chemical 3-62

3.9.1    Tonen Chemical Leading Supplier Of Separators

For Lithium Ion Batteries  3-63

3.10     NEC   3-63

3.10.1  Nissan and NEC Group  3-64

3.10.2  Nissan And NEC Joint Venture  3-65

3.10.3  NEC High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

Employ A Compact Laminated Configuration  3-66

3.10.4  NEC / Nissan Low-Cost Lithium-Manganese Batteries  3-67

3.10.5  NEC Lamilion Energy  3-68

3.10.6  NEC Subaru  3-68

3.10.7  NEC Thin Film Battery Has Sixteen Modules

Consisting Of Twelve Cells, Serially Connected  3-69

3.10.8  NEC / Subaru Thin Film Battery Flat Shape  3-69

3.11     Sony  3-71

3.12     Matshushita Industrial Co., Ltd.  (Panasonic) 3-73

3.12.1  Panasonic Lithium Batteries  3-74

3.12.2  Panasonic Lithium-Ion Rechargeable Batteries  3-75

3.13     E-One Moli Energy  3-79

3.13.1  Product Data Sheets  3-81

3.14     QuantumSphere  3-82

3.15     Solicore Ultra Thin-Film Battery  3-84

3.15.1  Solicore’s Flexion Lithium Polymer Batteries  3-86

3.15.2  Solicore Flexion Lithium Powered Cards  3-87

3.15.3  Solicore RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Devices  3-89

3.15.4  Solicore’s Flexion® Batteries Bluechip Million Unit Purchase  3-90

3.15.5  Solicore Supports Smart Cards  3-91

3.16     Cymbet EnerChip™ Solid-State, Rechargeable

Thin-Film Batteries  3-92

3.16.1  Cymbet Enerchip™ Sensors Support 3-94

3.17     Front Edge Technology  3-95

3.18     Excellatron Thin-Film Micro-Batteries  3-95

3.18.1  Contrast To Conventional Lithium Cells  3-95

3.18.2  Excellatron Market Advantage  3-97

3.18.3  Excellatron Battery Current State of the Art 3-99

3.18.4  Excellatron Battery Intrinsically Safe  3-101

3.18.5  High Temperature Performance of

Excellatron Thin Film Batteries  3-101

3.18.6  Excellatron Long Cycle Life  3-109

3.18.7  Excellatron Polymer Film Substrate for Thin Flexible Profile  3-111

3.18.8  Excellatron Unique Proprietary Passivation

Barrier and Packaging Solution  3-113

3.19     Front Edge 50,000 Prototypes Of Nanoenergy Batteries  3-117

3.19.1  Front Edge Technology (FET) 3-117

3.20     Infinite Power Solutions (IPS) Flexible Thin-Film Batteries  3-127

3.20.1  Infinite Power Solutions  3-129

3.21     Oak Ridge Micro-Energy  3-130

3.21.1  Oak Ridge Micro-Energy Thin Film Batteries  3-132

3.22     Energizer  3-132

3.22.1  Energizer Holdings  3-133

3.23     Valence  3-134

3.23.1  PVI for Valence’s U-Charge(R) XP Energy Storage Systems  3-134

3.23.2  Valence Lithium Phosphate  3-135

3.23.3  Valence Lithium Phosphate Stability and Dependability  3-137

3.23.4  Valence Safety Focus  3-137

3.23.5  Valence Lithium Phosphate Alternative to Lead-Acid  3-138

3.23.6  Valence Lithium Phosphate Storage and Run-Time  3-138

3.23.7  Valence Lithium Phosphate Safety and Maintenance Free  3-138

3.24     ITN Energy Systems  3-139

3.24.1  ITN Intelligent Processing, Sensors, & Controls: 3-142

3.24.2  ITN Control: 3-144

3.24.3  ITN Sensors  3-147

3.24.4  ITN Unique Sensors: X-Ray Fluorescence And

Parallel Detection Spectroscopic Ellipsometer 3-148

3.25     ULVAC   3-159

3.26     Intersil 3-159

 

4. Thin Film Lithium Ion Battery Technology   4-1

4.1   Vendor Lithium-ion Battery Strategy  4-1

4.1.1    Rechargeable Lithium Batteries Characteristics  4-2

4.2   Challenges in Battery Design  4-3

4.2.1    Advanced Lithium-ion Batteries Requirements  4-7

4.3   Vendor Lithium-Ion Battery Positioning  4-8

4.3.1    High-Quality, Volume Manufacturing Facilities  4-10

4.4   Applications Of Lithium-Ion Batteries  4-11

4.5   Mobile Phone Industry  4-12

4.5.1    Nanowires  4-13

4.5.2    Thin Film Battery Enabling Chemistries  4-13

4.5.3    The Cathodes  4-14

4.5.4    Solid State Devices Provide More Energy Density  4-14

4.6   Advantages of Lithium-Ion Batteries  4-15

4.6.1    Lithium-Ion Battery Shortcomings  4-18

4.6.2    Charging  4-19

4.6.3    Applications  4-19

4.6.4    Costs  4-20

4.7   Lithium Cell Chemistry Variants  4-20

4.7.1    Lithium-ion  4-21

4.7.2    Lithium-ion Polymer 4-22

4.7.3    Other Lithium Cathode Chemistry Variants  4-23

4.7.4    Lithium Cobalt LiCoO2  4-23

4.7.5    Lithium Manganese LiMn2O4  4-23

4.7.6    Lithium Nickel LiNiO2  4-24

4.7.7    Lithium (NCM) Nickel Cobal Manganese – Li(NiCoMn)O2  4-24

4.7.8    Lithium Iron Phosphate LiFePO4  4-24

4.8   Operating Performance Of The Cell Can Be Tuned  4-25

4.9   Lithium Metal Polymer  4-26

4.9.1    Lithium Sulphur Li2S8  4-26

4.9.2    Alternative Anode Chemistry  4-26

4.10     ExxonMobil affiliate, Tonen Chemical

Polyethylene-Based, Porous Film   4-27

4.11     Cymbet Alternate Manufacturing  4-27

4.12     Thin-Film Batteries Packaging  4-27

4.13     ITN Energy Systems Fibrous Substrates, PowerFiber  4-28

4.13.1  ITN Sensors  4-31

4.14     Cell Construction  4-32

4.15     Impact Of Nanotechnology  4-33

4.16     Thin Film Batteries  4-34

4.16.1  Thin Film Battery Timescales and Costs  4-37

4.16.2  High Power And Energy Density  4-37

4.16.3  High Rate Capability  4-38

4.17     Comparison Of Rechargeable Battery Performance  4-39

4.18     Polymer Film Substrate  4-45

4.19     Micro Battery Solid Electrolyte  4-46

 

5.1  Nanotechnology Thin Film Battery Lithium-Ion Company Profiles   5-1

5.1   Nanotechnology Thin Film Battery Lithium-Ion  5-1

5.2   A123 Systems  5-1

5.2.1    A123 Systems Revenue  5-1

5.2.2    A123Systems Registration Statement for Initial Public Offering  5-2

5.2.3    A123 Systems Batteries Benefits  5-2

5.2.4    A123 Systems Competitive Advantage  5-4

5.2.5    A123 Systems Strategy  5-7

5.2.6    A123Systems and GE   5-8

5.2.7    A123 Acquisition of Hymotion  5-9

5.2.8    Procter & Gamble Duracell and A123 Systems Collaborate  5-10

5.2.9    Cobasys and A123 Systems  5-10

5.3   Advanced Cerametrics  5-11

5.4   Altair Nanotechnologies  5-12

5.4.1    Altair Nanotechnologies Power and Energy Group  5-12

5.4.2    Altair Nanotechnologies Performance Materials Division  5-12

5.4.3    Altair Nanotechnologies Life Sciences Division  5-14

5.4.4    Altair Nanotechnologies One-Megawatt Battery

System Available for Commercial Operation by AES

Energy Storage, LLC   5-14

5.4.5    Altair Nanotechnologies Revenues  5-15

5.5   Applied Data  5-16

5.6   Bekaert 5-16

5.7   Robert Bosch GmbH   5-17

5.8   Boston Power / Sonata  5-17

5.9   BYD   5-21

5.9.1    Warren Buffett Buys 10 Percent Stake In BYD

Chinese Battery Manufacturer 5-21

5.10     Cymbet 5-23

5.10.1  Cymbet Thin-Film, Solid-State Battery Technology  5-23

5.10.2  Cymbet and ANT Wireless Sensor Network  5-23

5.10.3  Garmin International ANT™ Wireless Network  5-25

5.11     Dow   5-25

5.12     E-One Moli Energy Group  5-26

5.13     Ener1  5-27

5.13.1  Ener1 Third Quarter 2008 Revenue  5-27

5.13.2  Ener1 Positioning Technology Originally

Pioneered By Argonne National Lab  5-30

5.13.3  Ener1 Acquires Enertech Leading Korean

Lithium-ion Battery Cell Producer 5-31

5.13.4  Ener1 / Enertech Specializes In Producing

Large Format Flat (“Prismatic”) Cells  5-32

5.13.5  EnerDel Operations  5-34

5.14     Energizer  5-39

5.15     Excellatron  5-44

5.16     Exon  5-45

5.16.1  ExxonMobil Chemical / Tonen Chemical Corporation  5-46

5.17     Front Edge Technology (FET) 5-47

5.18     GE   5-47

5.18.1  GE Global Research  5-48

5.18.2  GE Energy Financial Services  5-48

5.19     GM    5-48

5.19.1  General Motors Faces Bankruptcy  5-50

5.20     Ignite  5-51

5.21     IPS  5-51

5.22     Johnson Controls-Saft 5-52

5.23     KSW Microtec  5-52

5.24     LG Petrochemical 5-53

5.24.1  LG Chem   5-54

5.25     MMT Funds  5-54

5.26     NEC   5-54

5.26.1  Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., NEC, And Subsidiary

NEC TOKIN Joint-Venture Company – Automotive

Energy Supply Corporation (AESC) – 5-55

5.26.2  First Commercial Application For AESC’s Li-Ion Batteries  5-57

5.26.3  NEC TOKIN Lithium-Manganese Electrodes by 2009  5-59

5.26.4  Nissan Partnership With NEC   5-59

5.26.5  NEC Lamilion Energy  5-60

5.27     Oak Ridge Micro-Energy  5-60

5.28     Panasonic / Sanyo  5-61

5.29     QuantumSphere  5-63

5.30     Saft 5-64

5.30.1  Saft Battery Technologies  5-66

5.30.2  Saft Industrial Battery Group (IBG) 5-68

5.30.3  Saft Specialty Battery Group (SBG) 5-69

5.30.4  Saft Rechargeable Battery Systems (RBS) 5-71

5.30.5  Saft Research and Development 5-71

5.30.6  Johnson Controls-Saft United States Advanced

Battery Consortium (USABC) 5-72

5.31     Samsung  5-73

5.32     Solicore  5-73

5.32.1  Solicore’s Flexion® Batteries Bluechip Million Unit Purchase  5-74

5.32.2  Solicore Embedded Power Solutions  5-75

5.33     Think  5-75

5.34     Valence  5-76

5.34.1  Valence Strategy  5-77

5.34.2  Phases Of Valence Business Strategy  5-78

5.35     Ulvac  5-80

 

Tables and Figures
Table ES-1  ES-4

Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces 

Table ES-2  ES-6

Energy Advantages Of Thin-Film Batteries 

Figure ES-3  ES-8

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

Figure ES-4  ES-10

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015 

 

Table 1-1  1-3

Principal Features Used To Compare Rechargeable Batteries 

Figure 1-2  1-8

BMW’s Mini E Electric Car Powered By A Rechargeable Lithium-Ion Battery 

Table 1-3  1-9

Examples of Hybrid Electric Vehicles 

Figure 1-4  1-19

Typical Structure Of A Thin Film Solid State Battery 

Table 1-5  1-22

Characteristics Of Battery Cells 

 

Table 2-1  2-4

Lithium-Ion Battery Market Driving Forces 

Table 2-2  2-6

Energy Advantages Of Thin-Film Batteries 

Figure 2-3  2-8

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

Table 2-4  2-9

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

Figure 2-5  2-12

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-6  2-13

Worldwide Lithium-Ion and Advanced Lithium-ion

Battery Market Forecasts,  Automotive, Power Tools,

Electric Grid, and PC Card,  Dollars, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-7  2-14

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Automotive Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

Figure 2-8  2-15

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Automotive Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

 

Figure 2-9  2-21

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-10  2-22

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Units, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-11  2-23

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Advanced Battery 

Shipments, Market Shares, Units and Dollars, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-12  2-30

Worldwide PC Card On Board Lithium-Ion Batteries 

Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-13  2-35

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Cordless Tool Advanced Battery Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

Table 2-14  2-36

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Thin Film Cordless Tool Advanced Battery Shipments, Market Shares, Dollars, 2008 

Figure 2-15  2-38

Worldwide Lithium-Ion Battery Portable Power

Tool and Advanced Portable Battery Shipments,

Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015 

Figure 2-16  2-41

Worldwide Electric Grid Lithium-Ion Battery

Storage Market Forecasts, Dollars, 2009-2015 

Table 2-17  2-45

Commercialization Challenges Of The Automotive,

Truck, and Bus Thin Film Battery Industry 

Table 2-18  2-47

Integrated Thin Film Battery Personal Transport

Power Systems 

Table 2-19  2-49

Requirements For Advanced Power Sources In A

Variety Of Military Applications 

Table 2-20  2-50

Large-Format Lithium-Ion Battery Key Advantages 

Table 2-20 (Continued) 2-51

Large-Format Lithium-Ion Battery Key Advantages 

 

Figure 3-1  3-2

A123 Systems Lithium Ion Battery 

Table 3-2  3-3

A123 Systems APR18650M1 Features 

Figure 3-3  3-4

A123 Systems lithium ion battery Cells: 26650 

Figure 3-4  3-5

A123 Cells: 32 Series 

Figure 3-5  3-7

A123 Systems Hybrid Characteristics 

Figure 3-6  3-8

A123 Systems Hybrid Discharge Characteristics 

 

Table 3-7  3-9

A123 Systems Benefits…

Table 3-8  3-10

A123 Systems Heavy Duty Custom and Standard Solutions 

Figure 3-9  3-16

LG Chem Lithium-Ion Batteries 

Table 3-10  3-32

Saft Lithium Technologies 

Table 3-11  3-33

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Main applications 

Table 3-11  (Continued) 3-34

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Main applications 

Figure 3-12  3-35

Saft Non Rechargeable Battery 

Table 3-13  3-39

Saft Lithium-Ion Construction Features 

Table 3-14  3-40

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Benefits 

Figure 3-15  3-42

Saft Lithium-Sulfur Dioxide (Li-SO2) Batteries 

Table 3-16  3-44

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Variations 

Table 3-16  (Continued) 3-45

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Variations 

Table 3-16  (Continued) 3-46

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Variations 

Table 3-16  (Continued) 3-47

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Variations 

Table 3-16  (Continued) 3-48

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Variations 

Table 3-16  (Continued) 3-49

Saft Lithium-Ion Battery Variations 

Figure 3-17  3-57

EnerDel Automotive Battery 

Table 3-18  3-58

EnerDel Lithium Ion Battery System for HEVs 

Table 3-19  3-59

EnerDel Automotive Battery Features 

Table 3-20  3-60

Imara Thin Film Battery Cells 

Figure 3-21  3-65

NEC Fuel Cells and Catalysts 

Table 3-22  3-72

Key Features of Sony NP-FP71 Hybrid Lithium Ion

Rechargeable Battery 

Table 3-22  (Continued) 3-73

Key Features of Sony NP-FP71 Hybrid Lithium Ion

Rechargeable Battery 

Figure 3-23  3-74

Panasonic Lithium Batteries 

Figure 3-24  3-75

Panasonic Lithium-Ion Rechargable Batteries 

Table 3-25  3-76

Panasonic Rechargeable Lithium ion Batteries Features:

Table 3-26  3-76

Panasonic Rechargeable Lithium ion Batteries 

Table 3-27  3-77

Panasonic Rechargeable Lithium ion Batteries 

Table 3-28  3-85

Solicore Flexion Battery Product Features:

Table 3-29  3-86

Solicore’s Flexion Lithium Polymer Battery Applications 

Table 3-30  3-87

Solicore’s Flexion Lithium Polymer Battery Uses 

Figure 3-31  3-88

Solicore Flexion High Temperature Batteries Survive Lamination 

Table 3-31A   3-89

Solicore RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) Applications 

Table 3-32  3-96

Excellatron Nanotechnology Thin Film Battery Features 

Table 3-33  3-97

Excellatron Battery Advantages 

Table 3-34  3-99

Excellatron Battery Thin Film Solid State Battery Components 

Figure 3-35  3-102

Excellatron Thin Film Battery Charge/Discharge Profile at 25ºC.

Figure 3-36  3-103

Excellatron Thin Film Battery Charge/Discharge

Profile At 150ºC.

Figure 3-37  3-104

Excellatron High Temperature (150ºC) Charge And

Discharge Capacity 

Figure 3-38  3-106

Excellatron Capacity And Resistance Of Thin Film Battery

As A Function Of Temperature 

Figure 3-39  3-106

Excellatron’s Battery (0.1 mAh) Discharged By A 100 mA

Pulse at 80ºC.

Figure 3-40  3-108

Excellatron High Rate Pulse Discharge 

Figure 3-41  3-109

Long Term Cyclability Of A Thin Film Solid State Battery 

Figure 3-42: 3-110

Excellatron Thin Film Battery Long Term Cyclability 

Figure 3-43  3-111

Discharge Capacity Of Several Typical Cathode Materials 

Figure 3-44: 3-112

Excellatron Thin film batteries deposited on a thin polymer substrate.

Figure 3-45  3-114

Excellatron Proprietary Passivation Barrier and Packaging 

Table 3-46  3-115

Comparison Of Battery Performances 

Figure 3-47  3-131

Oak Ridge Construction of a Thin Film Battery 

Table 3-48  3-136

Key Features of Valence Lithium Phosphate Technology 

Table 3-49  3-139

ITN Commercial Markets:

Figure 3-50  3-140

ITN Thin Film Battery:

Table 3-51  3-141

ITN Thin Film Battery Design Features/Advantages 

Table 3-52  3-142

ITN Thin Film Battery Economical production 

Table 3-53  3-143

ITN Thin Film Battery Strengths 

Figure 3-54  3-145

ITN Intelligent Process Control

Figure 3-55  3-146

Framework of Intelligent Processing of Materials 

Figure 3-56  3-149

XRF Instrument Developed by ITN Used on a System  

Figure 3-57  3-150

Thin Film Deposition 

Figure 3- 58  3-150

ITP Thin-film Process 

Table 3-59  3-151

Thin-film Process Capabilities 

Table 3-60  3-152

ITNThin-film Material Processing Experience Metals 

 

Table 4-1  4-4

Challenges in Lithium-ion Battery Design 

Table 4-2  4-35

Thin Film Battery Unique Properties 

Table 4-3  4-38

Comparison of battery performances 

Table 4-4  4-40

Comparison of battery performances 

Table 4-5  4-42

Thin Films For Advanced Batteries 

Table 4-6  4-43

Thin Film Batteries Technology 

Table 4-7  4-44

Thin Film Battery / Lithium Air Batteries Applications 

Figure 4-8  4-45

Polymer Film Substrate Thin Flexible battery Profiles 

Figure 4-9  4-46

Design Alternatives of Thin Film Rechargable Batteries 

 

Table 5-1  5-3

A123 Systems Batteries Benefits 

Table 5-2  5-5

A123 Systems Competitive Positioning 

Table 5-2  (Continued) 5-6

A123 Systems Competitive Positioning 

Table 5-2  (Continued) 5-7

A123 Systems Competitive Positioning 

Figure 5-3  5-19

Boston-Power Charge Curve 

 

Figure 5-4  5-20

Boston-Power Discharge Curve 

Figure 5-5  5-35

EnerDel Operations 

Figure 5-6  5-36

EnerDel Lithium Power Systems 

Figure 5-7  5-37

EnerDel Lithium Power USABC Contracts 

Figure 5-8  5-38

EnerDel Lithium Power Think Projct

Figure 5-9  5-63

Sanyo Battery Targets 2020 

Figure 5-10  5-65

Saft Sales Segments Half 1, 2008 

Figure 5-11  5-67

Saft Revenue H1 2008 

Figure 5-12  5-81

Ulvac Vacuum Pumps, Gauges, and Valves
 
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